Concepts

Question 1

Mass Line

Answer 1

• political, organizational, leadership method developed by Mao
• consulting the masses; interpreting their voices
• still used today in Chinese politics

Question 2

Two Whatevers

Answer 2

• Hua Guofeng
• whatever Mao had decided would remain valid
• whatever instruction Mao had issued should not be contravened

Question 3

Four Modernizations

Answer 3

• Means to rejuvenate China’s economy
• set forth by Deng in order to strengthen
• Agriculture
• Industry
• National Defense
• Science and Technology

Question 4

Three Represents

Answer 4

• guiding socio-political theory credited to Jiang Zemin
• Party must represent:
• Requirements for developing China’s advanced productive forces
• Orientation of China’s advanced culture
• Fundamental interests of the majority of the Chinese people

Question 5

Harmonious Society

Answer 5

• concept that was introduced by President Hu Jintao
• Society that is…
• democratic/ruled by law
• fair and just
• trustworthy and fraternal
• full of vitality
• stable and orderly
• maintains harmony between man and nature

Question 6

China Dream

Answer 6

• popularized term that describes a set of personal and national ethos and ideals
• closely associated with Xi Jinping
• Chinese Dream About:
• Chinese prospertiy
• Collective effort
• Socialism
• National Glory

Question 7

Four Cardinal Principles

Answer 7

• state by Deng Xiaoping
• Upholding the socialist path
• Upholding the people’s democratic dictatorship
• Upholding the leadership of the CPC
• Upholding Mao Zedong Thought and Marxims-Leninism

Question 8

Danwei

Answer 8

• name given to a place of employment, specifically prior to Deng’s economic reforms -> used in context of state-owned enterprises
• Work unit as institution and habit
• Danwei acted as the first step of a multi-tier hierarchical system that linked the individual with the CCP

Question 9

Hukou

Answer 9

• Household registration designating rural or urban
• acted as population/labor control
• was able to provide people with various social programs - often favored urban over rural

Question 10

Household Responsibility System

Answer 10

• Launched early in 1980s
• was an agriculture production system
• allowed households to contract land, machinery and other facilities from collective organizations

Question 11

Township and Village Enterprises

Answer 11

• TVE
• market oriented public enterprises under the purview of local governments based in township and villages
• Reforms of TVE became influential to China’s economic growth
• both production and employment of TVE’s grew