Concepts Flashcards
The act of influencing and motivating a group of people to act in the same direction towards achieving a common goal.
Leadership
The process of leading and directing an organization to meet its goal through the use of appropriate resources.
Management
Obtained through learning and experience.
Trait Theory
Bring people to progress.
Positive Traits
Take people to destruction.
Negative Traits
Assumes that some people have certain characteristics or personality traits that make them better leaders than others.
Trait Theory
Asserts that some people are born to lead, whereas others are born to be led.
Great Man Theory
These people have innate character that made them great leaders.
Individual Trait Theory
Eminent psychologist who proposed that the worker’s behavior is influenced by interactions between the personality, the structure of the primary work group and the socio-technical climate of the workplace
Kurt Lewin
This type of leadership tends to get good quantity and quality of output but little autonomy, creativity, or self-motivation.
Autocratic
This type of leadership works when the members are knowledgeable, skillful and work well with others
Democratic
Chaos is likely to develop unless an informal leader arises to the situation.
Laissez-Faire
It involved overcoming inertia and dismantling existing “mind set”.
First Stage: Unfreezing
This is typically a period of confusion and transition.
Second Stage: Change Occurs
The new mindset is crystallizing and one’s comfort level is returning to previous levels.
Third Stage: Re-freezing
An organizational psychologist who sought to study the way people in organizations act and react with each other.
Chris Argyris
A futurist known for his works discussing the digital revolution, communications revolution, corporate revolution and technological singularity.
Alvin Toffler
Five (5) scale measurement tool to determine the level of agreement and disagreement of a respondent to a set of questions that could be objective or subjective in nature.
The Likert Scale
A concept of the ideal work relationship of workers in an organization.
Linking Pin Model
Leaders should adapt their style to follower development style or (‘maturity’), based on how ready and willing the follower is to perform required tasks.
Paul Hersey & Kenneth Blanchard
Four leadership styles
S1: Directing/Telling Leaders
S2: Coaching/Selling Leaders
S3: Supporting/Participating Leaders
S4: Delegating Leaders
A leadership theory that moved from the research of traits and personal characteristics of leaders to leadership styles and behaviors
Fiedler Contingency Model
suggested that the selection of a leadership style will determine decision-making.
Vroom and Yetton
The leader can affect the performance, satisfaction, and motivation of a group through rewards, clarification of paths to goals and removal of obstacles in work performance. To do this, the leader adopts a certain leadership style as described
Path-Goal Theory of Leadership.
: Specific advice is given to the group and ground rules and structure are established. For example, clarifying expectations, specifying or assigning certain work tasks to be followed.
Directive leadership
Good relations are promoted with the group and sensitivity to subordinates’ needs is shown.
Supportive leadership
Decision making is based on consultation with the group and information is shared with the group
Participative leadership
enging goals are set and high performance is encouraged while confidence is shown in the groups’ ability.
Achievement-oriented leadership
The most effective and beneficial leadership behavior to achieve long-term success and improved performance
Transformational Leadership
The charismatic leader inspires others by acquiring emotional commitment from followers and by arousing strong feelings of loyalty and enthusiasm.
Charismatic Theory
Suggests that an employee’s work motivation is controlled by conditions in the external environment rather than by internal needs and desires.
Operant Theory
Basically states that a person behaves the way they do because they are motivated to select that behavior ahead of others because of what they expect the result of that behavior to be.
Expectancy Theory
Suggests that workers continuously compare their own work inputs (skill, effort and time) and outcomes (status, pay, and privileges) with those of other employees.
Equity Theory of Motivation
This theory states that goal setting is essentially linked to task performance.
the Goal-setting theory of Motivation
