Concept of Hazards - 3.1.5.1

Question 1

Natural Hazard

Answer 1

A natural event that has a perceived (but not actual - yet!) threat to humans and the things we care about (life and property).

Question 2

Natural Phenomenon:

Answer 2

The occurrence of a extreme natural event that happens at a given place and time that does not affect humans

Question 3

Hazardous Event

Answer 3

An natural phenomenon that occurs near humans but causes little harm to human.

Question 4

Natural Disaster:

Answer 4

An hazardous event that causes unacceptably large loss of life or property damage.

Question 5

Geophysical hazards

Answer 5

Hazards driven by the earth’s internal energy sources

Question 6

Tectonic hazards

Answer 6

Hazards originating underneath the earth surface

Question 7

Atmospheric hazards

Answer 7

Hazards originating in the atmosphere

Question 8

hydrological hazards

Answer 8

Hazards originating from movement of water

Question 9

Risk

Answer 9

The potential for people to be harmed and suffer losses.

Question 10

vulnerability

Answer 10

The exposure (level of protection) of people to a hazardous event presenting a potential threat to themselves, their processions and property. It affects their ability to anticipate, resist and recover from a natural hazard.

Question 11

Exposure

Answer 11

The level of protection you have from something harmful.

Question 12

Risk Equation

Answer 12

Risk = Hazard x vulnerability.

Question 13

Perception

Answer 13

How people regard, understand and interpret a hazard? Depending on their age, experience, family status etc…

Question 14

Fatalism Perspective

Answer 14

Where people believe that hazards are part of life and if religious, acts of God. Loses are inevitable and people do not prepare - only react. Also called Acceptance.

Question 15

Adaption Perspective

Answer 15

Hazards will happen and are influenced by natural (when, when and size) and human factors (vulnerability). Therefore, they can be predicted and prepared for, depending on the economic circumstances of the area

Question 16

Domination Perspective

Answer 16

Scientific research can predict the where, when and size of a hazard. Technology can reduce or stop their impacts.

Question 17

Disaster Management Cycle

Answer 17

A model which outlines the methods to reduce hazards, prevent disasters and prepare for emergencies.

Question 18

Preparedness

Answer 18

What happens before the natural hazard to minimise risk and vulnerability.

Question 19

Response

Answer 19

How people react to hazardous event (Two types - immediate and long term)

Question 20

Recovery

Answer 20

To return an affected area back to normal.

Question 21

Mitigation

Answer 21

To devise ways to reduce the severity of hazards in the future (can happen before and after the hazard).

Question 22

Prevention

Answer 22

Actions aimed at stopping the natural hazard from starting.

Question 23

Prediction

Answer 23

To provide warnings (from scientific monitoring) that enable action to take place.

Question 24

Protection

Answer 24

To protect people and possessions by modifying the built up environment.

Question 25

Adjustment

Answer 25

How people change their behaviour or surroundings to minimise the risks and maximise the benefits.

Question 26

Capacity Building

Answer 26

The process of developing and strengthening your communities, infrastructure and emergency services to ensure that natural hazards have minimal impact.

Question 27

Park Model

Answer 27

A model which outlines a disaster response curve - which shows how the effects of a hazard affect the quality of life over a sequence of time.

Question 28

Relief

Answer 28

The process of responding to a disaster and providing humanitarian aid to people suffering.

Question 29

Rehabilitation

Answer 29

Once the immediate impacts are under control, people start to resolve longer term problems e.g. providing temporary shelters

Question 30

Reconstruction

Answer 30

The act of restoring the physical and community structures after a hazard event.