Concept of groups and organizations Flashcards
Who concluded that it is easier to describe the characteristics of groups than to define them?
Steven Penrod
Who defined group as “two or more people who interact and are interdependent in the sense that their needs and goals cause them in influencing each other?”
Aronson et al (2007)
Who defined groups as “several interdependent people who have emotional ties and interact on a regular basis?”
Franzoi (2000)
……….. define groups as a collection of persons who are perceived to be bounded together in a coherent unit to some extent.
Baron, Byrne, Branscombe
The trait of being “bonded together” or coherence of a group is called?
entitativity
The extent to which a group is perceived as a coherent entity is called ?
entitativity
At what point of entitativity can we say we have a true group?
strong or high
Importance of group to its members, sharing of common goals and similarity to each other, are all characteristics of?
high entitativity in a group
A component of a group that involves face-to-face interaction and members are bonded to each other is called?
common-bond groups
A situation where members are linked via category as a whole rather than to each other is called ?
common-identity groups
Gender, ethnic and religious groups are all examples of
common-identity groups
A collection of individuals with no social connection whatsoever is called?
aggregate groups
People at a bus stop are an example of?
Aggregate groups
A collection of individuals that have at least some social connection although it may be weak is called?
Minimal groups
The strongest form of a group is called?
identity group
Temporary groups created to meet a particular need and are disbanded when the needs are met are called?
Adhoc groups
Groups created on the spur of the moment are called?
Impromptu groups
Groups that interact repeatedly over time are called?
ongoing groups
Groups that function to get a particular job done with all their activities geared towards the outcome is called?
task groups
Groups that exist for social interaction and enjoyment of its members are called
social groups
Groups generally perform both task and social functions. True or false?
true
The term primary group was coined by?
Charles Horton Cooley (1902)
A small intimate group characterized by cooperation and face-to-face interaction is called?
Primary group
Large formal group where there is impersonality, mutual understanding and little intimacy is called?
Secondary group
A group where people feel like they belong is called?
In-group
A group where individuals feel no sense of belonging is called?
Out-group
Individuals in groups who see themselves as better and or superior to other members in the group are called?
In-group members
Groups individuals use as a standard for evaluating themselves and their behavior is called?
Reference groups
For instance using one’s religious affiliation and profession to explain their beliefs or overall behavior is called?
reference groups
A group where 10-15 people are assembled to discuss a research topic and disbanded afterwards is called?
Focus groups
The planned coordination of the activities of a number of people for the achievement of some common goal, through the division of labor and a hierarchy of authority and responsibility is called
Organization
A group of coworkers eating lunch or going to the gym together falls under what type of organization?
Informal organization
Group membership is central to self concept true or false?
true
Does proximity always result in groupness?
No
Does a collection of individuals in a location make a group?
No
What are the three main factors that promote group formation among any collection of individuals?
Proximity, similarity and anxiety
