Concept 2 Flashcards
Define Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space
What is matter made up of?
Atoms
Define atom
The smallest of an element that still has the properties of an element
What are the 6 elements necessary for life?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur. (CHONPS)
Define cell
The most basic unit of life
What is water (H20) made up of?
2 atoms of hydrogen and one oxogen atom
What is a polar molecule?
Unequal distribution of charges, one side is more positive and one is more negative
Do polar molecules dissolve in water?
Yes (Ex: water)
What is a non-polar molecule?
No separation of charge, so no positive or negative plea are formed.
Do non-polar molecules dissolve in water?
No (Ex: CO2, O2, Lipids)
What is the organization of life?
Atom
Molecule
cell organelles
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ Sytem
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
What are the properties of water?
Cohesion and adhesion
Define cohesion
The attrition between molecules of the same system (water sticking to water/ surface tension)
What does cohesion cause high amounts of?
Surface tension
What does cohesion measure?
How difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid/ resist and external force
Define adhesion
The type of attraction that happens between different molecules (Ex: glass, soil, plant tissue, cotton, or water sticking to the sides of the cup of the plants stems)
What does adhesion form?
Stronger bonds. than cohesion
Define high specific heat
The temperature of water does not change easily, water has to absorb more heat energy to increase overall temperature compared to other compounds.
What does high specific heat help regulate?
Cell temperatures in an organism (this makes it so organisms can live under icebergs and in water)
Define less dense than a solid
Ice (solid water) is less dense than a liquid, so it floats on liquid water
Since ice floats on water this makes it so…
Life cane exist under frozen surfaces such as lakes/polar seas
Define water is a terrific solvent
Solution, Solute Solvent. Waters polarity makes it very good at dissolving things and its considered the universal covent. It dissolves more substances than any other liquid.
Define hydrophilic
Loves water and usually dissolves in water (Ex: salt and sugar)
Define hydrophobic
They hate water and doesn’t dissolve quickly in water (think dandelions and oil)
