Concept

Question 1

Chemical messenger that influences or controls functions of other organs or body tissues. Each has a unique function.

Answer 1

Hormone

Question 2

A specialized group of cells/tissues/organ that makes and secretes hormones.

Answer 2

Endocrine gland

Question 3

Physiological mechanisms that regulate the secretion and action of hormones associated with the endocrine system.

Answer 3

Hormonal regulation

Question 4

Hypothalamus, pituitary, parathyroids, thyroid, adrenals, testes, pancreas and ovaries are all part of what system?

Answer 4

Endocrine system

Question 5

T3, T4, Calcitonin, and PTH are made in which gland?

Answer 5

Thyroid and parathyroid glands

Question 6

Melatonin is created in which gland?

Answer 6

Pineal gland

Question 7

TRH, CRH, GHRH, Dopamine, Somatostatin, and Vasopressin are created in which gland?

Answer 7

Hypothalamus gland

Question 8

GR, TSH, ACTH, FSH, MSH, LH, Prolactin, Oxytocin, Vasopressin are all created in which gland?

Answer 8

Pituitary gland

Question 9

Thymopoietin is created in which gland?

Answer 9

Thymus

Question 10

IGF and THPO are created in which organ?

Answer 10

Liver

Question 11

Androgens, Glucocorticoids, Adrenaline, and Noradrenaline are created in which gland?

Answer 11

Adrenal glands

Question 12

Estrogen and progesterone are created in which organ?

Answer 12

Ovary and placenta

Question 13

Prolactin and relaxin are created in which organ?

Answer 13

Uterus

Question 14

Androgens, estradiol and inhibit are created in which organ?

Answer 14

Testes

Question 15

Calcitriol, renin, and erythropoietin are formed in which organ?

Answer 15

Kidney

Question 16

Insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin is created in which organ?

Answer 16

Pancreas

Question 17

Gastrin, ghrelin, histamine, somatostatin, and neuroleptics Y are created in which organ?

Answer 17

Stomach

Question 18

Blood hormone level or compound level determines increase or decrease of secreted hormone

Answer 18

Negative feedback

Question 19

Hormone secretion determined by other body rhythms

Answer 19

Biological Rhythms

Question 20

Increasing hormone levels cause second hormone increase, which in turn, causes more release of the first hormone.

Answer 20

Positive feedback

Question 21

Stimulation controls hormone release (fight or flight response)

Answer 21

Nervous system control

Question 22

What hormones increase in adolescence-puberty?

Answer 22

Gonadotropins

Question 23

A reduction in hormones due to age can be manifested in which ways?

Answer 23

Frailty, menopause, and ADH decreases.

Question 24

What are the causes of hormone imbalances?

Answer 24

Trauma, genetic conditions, congenital conditions, inflammatory conditions, tumors, signaling errors, physiological triggers (stress, sleep deprivation), target tissue or receptor site problems (insensitivity)

Question 25

What risk factors are there for hormonal imbalances?

Answer 25

Hormone supplement therapy (birth control), advanced age, obesity, genetics, family history, autoimmune conditions, cancer treatment, chronic medical conditions, stress and trauma.

Question 26

Depending on the gland or hormone involved what would be involved in a patient assessment?

Answer 26

History, exam findings (vitals, height and weight, physical exam-skin, hair, nails, body composition, genitalia, thyroid), diagnostic tests (hormone levels or stimulation/suppression testing, imaging, and biopsy)

Question 27

What are examples of primary prevention?

Answer 27

Education, diet, exercise, weight control, stress management, sleep routine, and injury avoidance.

Question 28

What are examples of secondary prevention?

Answer 28

Congenital screening of newborns (PKU), thyroid screening of adults, and DNA screening.

Question 29

Management examples

Answer 29

Pharmacotherapy, nutrition therapy, fluid and electrolyte management, surgery, radiation, psychosocial support, and patient education.