Concatenative Morphology Flashcards
Define concatenative
Linear combination of morphemes
Examples of concatenative morphology
Affixation, compounding, incorporation
Whats transfixation? :0
Both root and affix are discontinuous; commonly found in semitic languages
Attributive compounds
One element modifies another
ex. greenhouse, binge-watch, Tiger King
Coordinative compounds
Two elements have equal weight
ex. producer-director, blue-green*, doctor-patient
Subordinative Compounds
One element is an argument (typically the object) of another
ex. truck driver, dog walker, animal lover, ghostbusters
Resultative Verb compound
Similar to attributive compounds, but involves a verb-result combination
Examples in Mandarin translate to ‘finish eating,’ ‘kill by beating,’ ‘bring back to life’
Directional compounds
similar to attributive compounds, but involves a verb-direction compound
Examples in mandarin translate to ‘come running,’ ‘leave running,’ ‘bring’
Subject-predicate compounds
subordinate compounds involving a subject and predicate
Examples in mandarin translate to ‘have a headache/frusterated,’ ‘soft-centered’
What does the head of a compound determine?
Word class of the compound
Semantic kind denoted by the compound as a whole
(coordinative compounds can be analyzed as having two heads)
Endocentric compounds
Referent of the compound = referent of the head
ex. greenhouse, producer-director, dog walker
Exocentric compounds
Compound and head have different referents
ex. airhead, parent-child, pickpocket
Is ‘leg-sack’ (referring to leggings) endo or exocentric? Left or right headed?
Endocentric, rightheaded
Is ‘milky way’ endo or exocentric? Left or right headed?
endocentric, rightheaded
Is ‘heart-bad’ (referring to the devil) endo or exocentric? Left or right headed?
exocentric, leftheaded
