Computing 3/4 Final Exam Flashcards
What are the 4 key concepts of data/information management Effectiveness?
Data Integrity data is consistent and accurate Security Data is protected Ease of retrieval Varies with data Currency or files Up to date
What are the 3 key concepts of data management efficiency?
Time (speed) Solution is not slow Cost upfront and ongoing cost of operation Labour requirements the number of hours needed to run the solution
What is an information management strategy
they contain digital systems, people, processes and data, all working together to fulfil a businesses needs
List and explain the three legislation to do with data security
Privacy Act 1988
Details how government, private health, businesses
>$3 million or trade information, handle your
information
Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014
essentially Privacy Act 1988 for Victorian government
agencies
Health Records Act 2001
Details how agencies can access, collect, use and
trade your medical information in Victoria
What are the APPs of the Privacy Act 1988
1 Open 2 Anonymous 3 solicited 4 Unsolicited 5 Notification 6 Use 7 Marketing 8 Cross-border 9 identifiers 10 Quality 11 Security 12 Access 13 Correction
What are the four main components of a disaster recovery plan
1 Evacuation
2 Backing up Data
3 data restoration
4 Testing of Disaster plans
What is included in the Scope of a Disaster Recovery plan?
1 Risk Assessment 2 Allocating Emergency Responsibilities 3 Inventory Eg: software and hardware of critical devices 4 Key information Eg: responsibilities, phone numbers, 5 Backup scheme 6 Backup Media 7 Testing Backup scheme
List All of the Data types and some info about them
Character: Contains a single Alphanumeric value Like 'S' or 'L'. Text or String: Contains a mix up to 255 characters. Numeric - integer, Floating Point: only numbers, integer is whole numbers, floating point is decimals. Numeric - Date: Numbers of days since 0 Boolean: true or false, yes or no. Image: Sound:
List all the design tools for data visualisations
Data Dictionary's: design data base tables, establishes fields data types, field size and validation IPO charts: data structure diagram: outlines tables and their relationships Story Board: How a user with navigate the solution Website maps: Layout Diagrams: Mock-ups: Annotated diagrams:
List some conventions of databases, spreadsheets and data visualisations
Titles- should be larger and above the element they are referring to.
Colours and contrast- should be used to make the solution more visible.
Hierarchical design.
Text styles: simple, no more then 3 fonts readable
What is a format
How something is displayed eg: number of decimal places or dd/mm/yy
What Are the Data Base Naming conventions?
- Accurate, Detailed.
- No Spaces
- Capitalization for the first letter in each word
- Common prefixes
What is contained within a Data Base Data dictionary?
Field Name | Data Type | Field Size | Format | Caption | Description | Validation Rule | Validation Text |
What is an Input Mask
The format an entry has to conform to Eg DD/MM/YY
Name the Four types of Validation check
- Existence check
- Type check
- Range check
- Input Mask
What is contained within a Query Design Table?
Field Name | Sort | Filter | Calculation | Other
What is contained within a Testing Table
Item Tested | How it was tested | Expected result | Actual Result | How it was fixed
What are the steps of the problem solving methodology?
Analysis: -Solution requirements -Solution constraints -Solution Scope Design: -Solution Design -Evaluation Criteria Development: -Manipulation -Validation -Testing -Documentation Evaluation: -Solution Evaluation -Evaluation Strategy
What are some strengths and weaknesses of primary data
\+Suits research question exactly \+known source \+know manipulation \+possible follow ups -resource intensive -small amounts
What are some strengths and weaknesses of secondary data
\+Cheap \+huge amounts \+historic data \+many locations -maybe irrelevant -source may be unknown -Potentially inaccurate or biased -manipulation unknown
list Techniques to collect data
Survey Interview Observation Sensor Census Social Media
List possible government data sources
Australian Bureau of statistics DataVic Commonwealth Scientific and industrial research organisation Bureau of Meteorology NASA
What does APA referencing stand for?
American Psychological Association
What are the aspects of Data integrity?
Accuracy: -Completeness -Consistency -Clarity Authenticity Correctness Reasonableness Relevance Timeliness
What are solution constraints?
anything that limits or constrains the solution like budget, time or equipment
What is a solution scope?
Where the boundaries of the solution are identified, what will and will not be included in the solution
What are solution requirements?
What the solution should do and should be. divided into functional and non-functional requirements.
What are the functionality design principles?
Usability: -Robustness -Flexibility -Ease of use Accessibility -Navigation -error tolerance
What are the appearance design principles?
image use text and table formatting Alignment Balance Space Contrast
What must be done in third normal form?
no records contain more then one value, no multiple fields for the same kind of data. Addition of Primary keys.
All fields must be directly related to the PK or be split into separate tables.
List some design tools for tables and databases
Data dictionary’s
Query design table
Annotated diagram (forms & Reports)
List some ways to clean data (dats cleansing)
Removing records
Correcting entry
Modifying formats
modifying records
What is the difference between relative and absolute cell referencing?
Relative is the current cell’s position relative to the referenced one
Absolute is directly to that cell regardless of position
What is the difference between formal and informal testing?
Informal testing happens throughout the development process it is not recorded and is the developer immediately checking if their formula or addition works as expected. Formal happens after it is complete and is much more in-depth documenting the process
What aspects of a data visualisation should be tested?
Media and plug-ins Hyperlinks Readability Calculations Loading times Browser compatibility Dynamic features efficiency effectiveness
What makes a good research question?
open ended. establishes the two or more variables. Uses specific and meaningful terminology.
What are some ways to code qualitative data?
Likert scales, Grouping and counting specific terms, multiply choice answers/ drop down menus, summary terms.
List some examples of software security controls
Strong passwords, biometric security, always logging out, Encryption, firewalls, Antimalware, backup files.
List some ways to generate design ideas
Brainstorming, Consult end users, Mind mapping, Graphic organisers, researching other infographic formats conventions and examples.
What are some aspects of proper file directory structure
folder names specify where files are to be saved
Keep folder names short
separate work in progress from finished tasks
avoid deep and wide folder structures
keep similar file types together
limit number of files
What does the 3-2-1 rule mean?
backups should be stored on 3 devices using 2 different media types and 1 of site copy
how should files be disposed of?
data mustn’t just be deleted but also scrubbed or wiped. this must be done 3 times.
What is achieving and how does it differ to backups
achieving is the storage of data or info that is not or is not expected to be regularly used. it is like a separate place to put old documents and can be backed up like other info.
what are the aspects of an effective infographic?
Completeness Attractiveness Clarity Readability Accuracy Accessibility Timeliness Communication of message Relevance Usability
What are some advantages of networks?
Sharing of data and information, allowing communication, sharing hardware and software.
What are the differences between peer to peer and client server networks
peer-to-peer all devices are equal. client server is hosted by a server which allows for permission levels within the network.
list some advantages and disadvantages of wired networks.
\+faster transfer speeds \+better security \+More reliable connection -lack of mobility -instillation -maintenance
list some advantages and disadvantages of wireless networks
\+cheap \+instillation \+mobility \+compatibility -slower speeds -less secure -less reliable connection
what are the two common types of wired transmission media
unshielded twisted pair (ethernet) and fibre optic.
list some accidental threats
user error
power loss (not power surge)
hardware of software malfunction
Hardware loss
list 4 different types of malware and some info about them
Adware: malware designed to deliver advertising Bot: performs specific tasks autonomously like a DDoS Bug: malware that alters the source code of a program Keylogger: logs all keystrokes Ransomware: encrypts data and holds it for ransom Rootkit: controls device from remote location Spyware: collects data about user Trojan: A program that pretends to be normal Virus: causes a negative effect on a device or network Worm: replicates over and over taking device resources
What is the difference between symmetric and Asymmetric encryption methods
Symmetric both the sender and receiver use the same private key. where as Asymmetric has a public key used by the sender and a private key used by the receiver
what are the two security protocols
TLS and SSL. Transport Layer Security creates a secure connection using certificates. Secure Sockets Layer does the same. HTTPS uses both of these
What are some physical security controls
Zoning, Barriers tactics eg locks fences, biometric, Backing up, shredding documents, authorisation credentials.
What does the Network operating system (NOS)
manage: Users Permissions File Access Print jobs Security updates
What is TCP/IP and what does it do
It is a technical protocol/internet protocol that converts data into packets sends the to their destination and reassembles them.
What does FTP (file transfer protocol) do
It is responsible for sharing files between devices, upload, download remove rename files on a server is done using FTP
What are the aspects of an effective infographic?
Complete Clarity Communication of message Attractiveness Accuracy Accessibility Relevance Readability Usability Timeliness
What are the 4 types of test data?
Valid data:
Data that should and does work with the system
Unusual but valid data:
Data that looks as if it shouldn’t work but does
Invalid data:
Data that shouldn’t work but does
Boundary conditioning:
Testing any upper or lower bounds in the system like >0 you could put in 0
define digital systems
Refers to elements such as hardware and software, and their interconnectedness, used to create digital solutions.
What is included within an information system
Digital systems
People
Processes
Data
What is within APA referencing
Author last name. First initial. (Year of publication). Title. Location of publisher: publisher. URL, retrieved dd/mm/yyyy
What are some benefits and disadvantages of relational databases
\+Reduced data redundancy \+Faster processes \+Easier to maintain \+Allow privileges = better security -harder to set up correctly
define data analytics
The process of acquiring/extracting data from a source, analysing said data to find meaningful trends/patterns, and then presenting the data in a clear and unambiguous way.
define data visualisation
The process of visualizing complex data usually in the form of different charts
Define Design thinking
A way of thinking critically and creatively to generate and evaluate innovative ideas
what are the Benefits of a DRP (disaster recovery plan)
+Provides a sense of security and confidence
+Prevents further problems caused by panic and disorganization
+Reduces uncertainty for additional decisions
+Neatly explains new procedures to employees
+speeds up reaction to disasters saving time and resources
what is the internet of things (IOT)
A network formed by ‘smart devices’ that connect to the internet
Targeting and Audience Includes:
Includes: Being gender inclusive Being Culturally inclusive Applying common language Being Age Appropriate
