Computing Flashcards
Week 1 Lecture 2
What is an operating system?
The software interface between the user’s software and the computers hardware.
What do operating systems do?
- Provides low-level networking
- Provides a set of tools for file handling and user handling/security
- May provide a graphical user interface
- May include other non-essential bundled tools
Examples of operating systems
Windows, Linux, MacOS
Examples of relational databases
Microsoft Access, SQL Server, Oracle, Sybase
What are relational databases?
Data are separated into tables or relations. Good database design requires careful thought, planning, and organisation. They maintain data integrity.
What commands do SQLs provide?
- Schema creation
- Data insertion
- Data extraction
- Database management
Examples of programming languages
C, Perl, Python, C++, Java, JavaScript
What is data mining?
Extract patterns, relationships, and meanings from data. Extract sequence patterns or rules characteristic of a protein family.
Examples of MLM predictions
- Charge
- Hydrophobicity
- Number of side chain amino acids
What are neural networks?
An arrangement of many interconnected perceptrons in multiple interconnected layers. When training a machine it learns the weights of the inputs and applies a function to their weighted sum.
Types of network uses
Local and remote
Local network uses
- Sharing files
- Authentication
Remote network uses
- Sharing files
- Emails
- Access remote computers
- Sharing linked documents
- Newsgroups
- Remote processing
Components of the internet
- FTP
- RPC
- The web
- News
- Remote access
