Computer System Flashcards
Hardware
All the physical components involved in the input and process of data
Software
Is the binary data that encodes the instructions that are stored and executed on hardware
Application software
System software
Boolean logic
Deals with expressions and system that have inputs and outputs of true and false
AND
Both values have to be true
OR
Only one values have to be true
NOT
Opposite
Application software
Software designed for user interaction
System software
Provide a platform for application to run
Processor
Ensuring the necessry program and tasks are being executed
Memory
Ensuring the required instruction and data are stored
I/O device
Input and output devices such as keyboard and monitors
Security
Firewalls and anti-virus check
ALU(arithmetic logic unit)
Evaluates arithmetic and logic expressions
Control unit
Governs the interface with input and output
Also ttranslator for instructions and data
System clock
Beats a constant pulse that regulates all read
Bus
Physically connect the processor, memory and I/O devices
Fetching
Instruction from memory to processor
Decoding
The instruction on the processor
Executing
The instruction by calculator with the ALU, reading data from memory, writing data in memory
Cores properties
As cores increase in number, more instructions Cain be fetched/decoded/executed
Volatile
Main memory does not retain data and instructions stored in it
Does not require energy
Data is lost when there is no energy
Secondary storage
Hard disk drivers, ssd, optical media
Magnetic hard drivers
Use magnets to read/write on little particles on a spinning disk
Optical media
Work by shining a laser at the end of a movable arm on a spinning disk. The pits and lands from the disk reflect or disperse the light
Solid state drive
No moving parts -> rigid
Complex electrical circuits to store data
Advantage for magnetic
Cheap -> good to store large capacities
Fast read/write
Optical media advantage
Use to distribute data/software without using a network
Solid State advantage
Very fast read/write speed
No moving parts -> robust
Small size per bit
Magnetic media disadvantage
Use moving parts -> less robust
Optic media disadvantage
Low capacity
Easily corrupted
Slowest read speed
Very slow write speed
Solid State disadvantage
Expensive
Cloud storage
Data not stored on the computer but on a network using data
