Computer science Unit 1

Question 1

What’s the CPU

Answer 1

Central processing Unit, it executes programmes stored in main memory

Question 2

What is Cache

Answer 2

High speed memory on The CPU, it stores a copy of data and instructions that is frequently used

Question 3

What is Clock Speed

Answer 3

Number of processing cycles per second

Question 4

What are cores

Answer 4

Cores can independently run a program, multi core means multiple programs can run at once

Question 5

What’s General Purpose Computer able to do

Answer 5

Can execute different types of software

Question 6

What’s an embedded system

Answer 6

A microprocessor within a larger system

Question 7

What’s Primary Storage

Answer 7

Short term storage used when the computer is running

Question 8

What is RAM

Answer 8

Random access memory, it’s volatile and stores currently running instructions and data

Question 9

What’s ROM

Answer 9

Read only memory it’s non volatile and stored data and instructions that don’t need to be updated and used when the computer is first turned on

Question 10

What’s secondary storage

Answer 10

Long term storage in a computer system

Question 11

Examples of optical

Answer 11

DVD, CD, Blue-Ray

Question 12

What is binary

Answer 12

A numbering system made of 1 and 0, which represents machine code on and off signals

Question 13

List the binary number line

Answer 13

128 , 64 , 32 , 16 , 8 , 4 , 2 , 1

Question 14

If you binary shift right what happens

Answer 14

You divide in multiples of two

Question 14

What’s overflow

Answer 14

It happens when the number you want to store is more than 8 bits

Question 15

If you binary shift left what happens

Answer 15

You multiply in multiples of two

Question 16

What’s a character

Answer 16

A singular symbol

Question 17

What’s a character set

Answer 17

A list of all characters recognised by a computer system

Question 18

What’s ASCII

Answer 18

It uses 8 bits, and represents most European languages

Question 19

What’s Unicode

Answer 19

Uses 16 bits it gives you access to all languages and emojis but it requires more storage

Question 20

What are images

Answer 20

They are divided into pixels containing one colour binary value

Question 21

What’s a pixel

Answer 21

Smallest possible unit within an image

Question 22

What is colour depth

Answer 22

A measure of how many bits used for a colour, each colour has a unique binary code , the higher the colour depth, the higher the quality and the more storage memory that’s used

Question 23

What’s resolution

Answer 23

Number of pixels in an image, height X width, a better resolution means better quality and more storage used

Question 24

What’s metadata

Answer 24

Information about the image e.g. date, location, file type

Question 25

How is sound processed by computer

Answer 25

Taking regular samples of analogue sound wave

Question 26

How to measure sample rate

Answer 26

A measure of samples per second measured in hertz

Question 27

What’s Bit depth

Answer 27

How many bits per sample, the higher the bit depth the more storage space required but improves the quality

Question 28

What’s bit rate

Answer 28

How many bits are required per second

Question 29

What’s compression

Answer 29

Technique to reduce file size

Question 30

What’s lossy compression

Answer 30

Making a file smaller by permanently losing data

Question 31

What’s lossless compression

Answer 31

Making a file smaller by storing it more efficiently, the original data can be restored