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Computer Science > Computer Networks > Flashcards

Computer Networks Flashcards

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1
Q

Data packet

A

small piece of binary data from a file sent through a network

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2
Q

Two parts of data packets

A

Header

Payload

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3
Q

Header

A 
contains ....
the source IP Address 
Destination IP Address 
A checkSum
The number of this packet within the sequence of packets
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4
Q

Payload

A

Data

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5
Q

Packet Switching (from computer A to D)

A

1.Computer A adds computer D’s IP
address to the packet
2.Computer A send the packet to the switch
3.Switch looks at address on packet
4.Switch compares address to stored list of addresses on the network
5.Switch forward packet to Computer D’s address

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6
Q

Benefits of packet switching

A

Packets would take the least busy route,making the network more efficient
More difficult for hackers to sniff packets and steal the data
If one router fails ,another one will be able to send the data.Packets will take different routes

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7
Q

Disadvantages of packet switching

A

Configuration of the router is complex
Routers will loss/Miss packets if they are working at full capacity
Data can be corrupted when being sent

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8
Q

Network Protocols

A

Define how you send data across the network and how it is converted

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9
Q

IP

A

Internet Protocol

defines. .
- structure of a valid data packet
- The structure of IP address
- How to reach an IP address

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10
Q

TCP

A

Transmission Control Protocol

defines. .
- How data is sent between two computers across a network

It relies on IP and guarantees delivery of packets or an error message is returned

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11
Q

HTTP

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

defines. ..
- How hypertext is structured
- How hypertext is transferred between two computers

It uses TCP and IP

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12
Q

FTP

A

File Transfer Protcol

defines. .
- How (usually large) files or folders are transferred across a network

Uses TCP & IP. Web developers use this to transfer files to a web server

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13
Q

SMTP

A

Simple Mail transfer Protocol

defines. ..
- How a email is sent between email servers

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14
Q

Protocol Stack

A

Where protocols are stacked where protocols higher up the stack use protocols lower down

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15
Q

Advantages of Protocol Stacks

A

-Protocols higher up the stack hide how protocols lower work
-Allows different hardware to share data as they conform to the same protocol
-e.g an Ipad user can email a person with
Microsoft Word

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16
Q

Disadvantages of Protocol Stacks

A
  • Technology improves but protocols may not implement the most efficient way to do something
  • Agreeing and implementing a protocol is a time consuming protocol
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17
Q

Network

A

Two or more interconnected computers

18
Q

Benefits of a Network

A 
Communication between computers
Sharing resources:
 -Hardware, Software, Data
Data can be backed up
Users can login to many computer
Network security can be implemented from on location
19
Q

Disadvantages of a Network (x4)

A

Viruses can quickly spread to other computers
Hackers can break into the network to steal data or damage computers
It can be expensive and complex to create a larger network
Diagnosing faults can be different in complex networks

20
Q

LAN

A

Local Area Network

  • within a small area/one building
    example: Tesco express
21
Q

WAN

A

Wide Area Network

  • Across a wide area
  • Made up of several connected LANs
    example: Tesco
22
Q

PAN

A

Personal Area Network

23
Q

Types of Network Topologies

A

bus
star
ring

24
Q

Advantages and Disadvantage of Bus

A

Advantages

  • Less Expensive
  • Less cables
  • Quick to set up

Disadvantages

  • If the main cable breaks , they all won’t work
  • Data collisions are more likely
25
Q

Advantages and Disadvantage of Star

A

Advantages
-If one computer goes down the rest are
unaffected
-Minimal network collisions

Disadvantages

  • Expensive
  • Extra hardware required
26
Q

Advantages and Disadvantage of Ring

A

Advantages

  • The data travels in one direction , which means the data transmission is quick
  • Prevents network collisions

Disadvantages

  • If the ring breaks they are all offline
  • If the main cable breaks,the entire network goes down
27
Q

Network Interface Card

A

Allows a laptop or standalone computer to be connected to a network

28
Q

Network Cable

A

Used to connect the computer to the network

Its connect to the computer and a hub or a switch

29
Q

Hub

A

A network connecting device which broadcasts data to all computers in the network

30
Q

Switch

A

A network connecting device that sends data directly to the destination computer

connects more computers together than the Hub

31
Q

Network Bridge

A

Connects two LANs or divides one LAN into two

32
Q

Router

A

Connects WANs together

33
Q

User access level

A

Controls what a user can do with computer resources

34
Q

User Permissions

A
  • None
  • Execute
  • Read
  • Write
35
Q

None

A

can’t open file

36
Q

Execute

A

allowed to run a program

37
Q

Read

A

Can open data files/folders to read the contents

38
Q

Write

A

can open data/folders to edit the contents

39
Q

Acceptable Use policy

A

What users can and cannot do on the network

40
Q

Disaster Recovery policy

A

What do people have to do if a disaster policy to save data

41
Q

Backup Policy

A

What data is backed up and how often

42
Q

Archiving Policy

A

What happens to old data that isn’t needed anymore but may be useful in future?

Computer Science (6 decks)

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