Computer Network Flashcards
computer network or data network
a telecommunications network which allows computers to exchange data using a data link
fathers of the Internet.
Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn
The five components of a computer network are
✓ Sender (Device) ✓ Sender Equipment (Encoder) ✓ Communication Channel (Cables, Wireless) ✓ Receiver Equipment (Decoder) ✓ Receiver (Device)
Sender
Sender is a device that sends a message which can consist of text, numbers, pictures etc.
It is also called source or transmitter.
Sender Equipment
The encoder is a device that converts digital signals in a form that can pass through a transmission medium
Communication Channel
It is the physical path that connects the sender and the receiver. It is used to transmit data. It is also called Medium. The channel can be a copper wire, a fiber optic cable, microwaves etc
Receiving Equipment
The decoder
The decoder is a device that converts the encoded signals into digital form. The receiver can understand the digital form of message
Receiver
Receiver is a device that receives the message. It is also called a sink. It must be capable of accepting the message
Types of Computer Network
✓ LAN – Local Area Network
✓ MAN – Metropolitan Area Network
✓ WAN – Wide Area Network
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN):
Storage Area Network (SAN)
Campus Area Network (CAN)
Personal Area Network (PAN)
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN):
wireless network communication
This distribution method uses high-frequency radio waves and often include an access point to the Internet. It is also called Local Area Wireless Network (LAWN)
Network Architecture
Peer-to-Peer Architecture
Client/Server Architecture
Ethernet
the most widely used LAN technology that defines wiring and signalling standards for the physical layer of TCP/IP
Token Ring
local area network topology where nodes are arranged in a ring topology
A token ring topology uses a token to ensure that only one node on the line is used at a time to prevent congestion and collision
(FDDI)
Fiber distributed data interface
an optical data communication standard used for long distance networks provides communication with fiber optic lines. This protocol is based on the token ring protocol
Network Topology
the arrangement of a network, nodes and connecting lines.
types of network topology.
The physical topology and the logical (or signal) topology
Physical Topology
refers to the geometric layout of the connected network
forms of Physical Topology.
Bus Topology, Ring Topology, Tree Topology, Mesh Topology, Star Topology, and Hybrid Topology
Bus topology system
every computer and network are connected by using a single cable.
The cable is known as Bus. It transmits the data from one end to another end only in a single direction.
When it has exactly two endpoints, then it is called Linear Bus topology.
(hostel lan, only one to one computer transfer)
Ring Topology
network nodes are connected in a closed loop configuration. Each node has directly connected with its adjacent node on both sides. The Others are indirectly connected and the data passing through one or more intermediate nodes
When the transmission is bidirectional by having two connections between each network node, it is called Dual Ring Topology
Tree Topology
Two or more-star networks connected with a root node and all other nodes are connected to it forming a hierarchy. It is also called hierarchical topology.
It should at least have three levels to the hierarchy. This type of topology used in Wide Area Network. Tree topology is valued for its scalability and accessibility for troubleshooting.
Star Topology
all the nodes are connected to a single hub through a cable. This hub is the central node. The data can send from one node to another through the hub. Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
Mesh Topology
every node carries traffic only between the two nodes it connects (point-to-point connection). Mesh has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices
Logical/Signal Topology
Logical Topology denotes how the signals transmitted from node to node across the system. Broadcast and Token Passing are the two types of Logical topology
