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:D > Computer Engineering > Flashcards

Computer Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

4 main functions of a computer

A

Input, Output, Processing and Control, Storage

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2
Q

What is the CPU

A
  • Brain of the computer
  • Measured in MHz/GHz
  • Made up of Control Unit and ALU
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3
Q

What is ALU

A

Arithmetic Logic Unit
-Logic and Calculations

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4
Q

Control unit functions

A

Information flow and regulation

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5
Q

First computer information

A

Name: Intel 8080
Date: 1974
Transistors: 6000
Microns: 6
Clock Speed: 2MHz
Data width: 8 Bits
MIPS: 0.64

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6
Q

MIPs

A

Million of instructions per second

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7
Q

RAM

A
  • Temporarily stored info
  • SIMM & DIMM
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8
Q

ROM

A

Permanent memory storage
-starts boot sequences

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9
Q

BIOS

A

Basic Input Output System
- ROM which establishes communication when computer is turned on

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10
Q

Caching

A

Storing data in fast RAM which connects to CPU

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11
Q

Virtual Memory

A

Stores data in hard disk and swaps in and out of RAM when needed

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12
Q

Hard Disk

A

Large Capacity Permanent Storage that holds programs and documents

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13
Q

Interface

A

Language or protocol of drive which communicates with network or host computer

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14
Q

Main Types of Interface

A
  • ATA
    -SCSI
    -Fibre Channel
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15
Q

SATA/SAS

A

Serial Attached SCSI

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16
Q

Capacity

A

Amount of data that the drive can store

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17
Q

1Kb

A

1024 bytes

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18
Q

1Mb

A

1024 Kilobytes

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19
Q

1 GIgabyte

A

1024 Megabytes

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20
Q

1 Terrabyte

A

1024 Gigabytes

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21
Q

RPM

A

Measurement of how fast a hard disc platters are spinning
- Usual speeds are 5400rpm or 7200rpm

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22
Q

Seek Time

A

Average of how long a drive takes to move the heads to a track
-Usual seek times are 5-10ms

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23
Q

Data rate

A

Number of bytes per second that the drive can deliver to CPU
- Usually 100 -150 megabytes per second
-Future 300-600 megabytes

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24
Q

Motherboard

A

The Main circuit board that all of the other internal components connect to

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25
Q

Integrated Drive Electronics

A

Primary interface for hard drive, CD-ROM and floppy disk drive

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26
Q

PCI Bus

A

Peripheral Component Interconnect Bus
- Most common way to connect additional components to computer
-Maximum 133Mb/s

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27
Q

PCI Express Bus

A

Newer way to connect additional items to computer
-Subsystem contains PCI lanes
-Rate of 250mb/s

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28
Q

SCSI

A

-Scuzzy- pronunciation
-Small computer system interface
-Adds additional devices such as hard drives and scanners to the computer

29
Q

AGP

A

Accelerated Graphic Ports
-High speed connection used by graphics card
-Special PCI Express slot used to replace this

30
Q

Sound Card

A

-Records and Play audio
-Sound card plugs into PCI slot

31
Q

Graphics Card

A

-Translates image data
-Graphics card plugs into AGP slot or PCI Express slot

32
Q

Types of ports

A

-Parallel
-Serial

33
Q

Parallel port

A

Connects printer or scanner

34
Q

Serial Port

A

Connects external modern

35
Q

USB

A
  • Universal Serial Bus
    -USB ports offer power and versatillity
    -Easy to use
36
Q

Fire Wire

A

-Connects digital video devices to your computer
-Such as digital cameras

37
Q

PS2 Connectors

A
  • Mouse and keyboard connector
    -PS2 mouse plugs into Teal mini din
    -PS2 keyboard plugs into purple mini din
38
Q

LAN

A

-DSL/CABLE Connector
-Local Area Network
-Plugs into back of motherboard

39
Q

Power Supply

A

-Electrical Transformer that regulates electricity used by computer
-Measured in watts

40
Q

Chip sets

A

3.3v

41
Q

Logic

A

5v

42
Q

Drives

A

12v

43
Q

Operating system

A

Basic Software that allows the user to interface with the computer
- Windows, Linux, OS X and UNIX

44
Q

Monitor

A

Device used for displaying information

45
Q

Display Technologies

A

CRT, LCD, LED

46
Q

Cable Technology

A

VGA, DVI, HDMI

47
Q

Viewable Area

A

Measured Diagonally

48
Q

Aspect Ratio and Orientation

A

Landscape or Potrait

49
Q

Maximum Resolution

A

The # of pixels
- Higher pixel # = Better resolution

50
Q

Dot Pitch

A

Measure between pixels
-Smaller = better

51
Q

Refresh Rate

A

Number of times that the image on display is drawn/ second

52
Q

Colour depth

A

COmbination of display modes

53
Q

Keyboard

A

Primary device for entering information

54
Q

Mouse

A

Primary device for navigating and interacting

55
Q

Printer

A

Primary device used to obtain a hard copy
- Laser printers
-Ink Jet /Bubble jet
-Dot matrix

56
Q

Speakers

A

Produces sound

57
Q

Modem

A

MOdulator/ DEModulator
- Sends and receives information through a connection

58
Q

Removable Storage

A

Allows for new information to be added as well as saving in formation to a different location

59
Q

Floppy Disk

A

Removable storage

60
Q

CD-ROM

A

CD-R = Recordable
CD-RW= Rewritable

61
Q

Flash memory

A

Type of ROM
- electrically erasable programmable read only memory
-Fast and permanent storage

62
Q

DVD-ROM

A

-Digital Versatile Disc- Read only memory
-Similar to CD_ROM but can hold more information

63
Q

Binary Code

A

1 or 0 used to encode data onto a computer

64
Q

Bit

A

Binary digit, 1 or 0

65
Q

Byte

A

8 bits

66
Q

ASCII

A

American Standard Code for Information Interchange
-Language used to encode instructions

67
Q

Serial ATA/SATA

A

Serial Advanced Technology Architecture
- Transfers data single stream/ serially
-Wraps many bits of data into packets and transfers them
-30x faster thgan parallel

68
Q

Parallel ATA/ PATA

A

Parallel Advanced Technology
-Transfers data in multiple streams

:D (3 decks)

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