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gr10_2q > computer > Flashcards

computer Flashcards

1
Q

Is a general- purpose tool built with a microprocessor, designed for use by an individual.

A

Personal Computer

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2
Q

Are the various physical components that comprise a computer system, as opposed to the non-tangible software elements.

A

Hardware

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3
Q

Are any device that an individual use to give instructions to the computer.

A

Input Devices

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4
Q

Are equipment that the computer uses to communicate information to the user.

A

Output Devices

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5
Q

Facilitate communication by using a specific media. The most commonly used communication device is a modem.

A

Communication devices

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6
Q

Refer to all hardware capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently such as hard disks.

A

Storage devices

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7
Q

It is the enclosure for all the other main interior components of a computer.

A

System unit

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8
Q

Is one of the vital parts of a computer system. It is known as the backbone of the computer.

A

Motherboard

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9
Q

Is a group of integrated circuits designed to perform one or more related functions.

A

Chipset

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10
Q

Is the main brain or heart of a computer system. It is a chip that determines the processing power of the computer.

A

CPU (Central Processing Unit)

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11
Q

Is a major part of computers which data is stored to quick access by the computer’s processor.

A

Memory

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12
Q

Two Types of Memory

A

RAM & ROM

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13
Q

Is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.

A

ROM (Read Only Memory)

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14
Q

Is volatile, meaning it holds data only when the power is ON.

A

RAM (Random Access Memory)

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15
Q

Allows the CPU to transfer information to the other devices in the computer and vice versa.

A

Expansion bus

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16
Q

Connect the CPU to other internal components.

A

Internal buses

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17
Q

Support ports for external devices.

A

External buses

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18
Q

Is a device that allows one hardware to be adapted to another hardware It is used to give computers additional functionality or compatibility.

A

Adapter

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19
Q

Is an IC or internal board that creates a picture on a display. It is a piece of computer hardware that is rectangular in shape with numerous contacts on the bottom of the card and one or more ports on the side for connection to video displays and other devices.

A

Video card

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20
Q

Is an expansion card that produces sound on a computer which car be heard through speakers or headphones.

A

Sound card

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21
Q

Is a component that is absolutely vital to the operation of the computer. It is a piece of hardware that used to convert the power provided from the outlet into usable power for many parts inside the computer case.

A

PSU (Power Supply Unit)

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22
Q

Is the largest data storage device in computer. It uses magnetism to store data on a rotating platter.

A

HDD (Hard Disk Drive)

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23
Q

Is a storage device that uses lasers to read and write data on the optical media.

A

Optical drive

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24
Q

Allows the user to input letters and other symbols into a computer.

A

Keyboard

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25
Q

Is the center of the keyboard that contains the largest number o keys and includes the spacebar, letters and numbers.

A

Typing keypad

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26
Q

Is arranged like a standard calculator used to enter numerica data. It is usually located at the right side of the keyboard.

A

Numeric keypad

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27
Q

Are used for special purposes and most programmers use these key to do a specific task. These keys are located at the top of the keyboard.

A

Function keys

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28
Q

Are used to navigate through documents and websites. Examples are up, down, left and right arrows.

A

Navigation keys

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29
Q

Is used to cancel operations.

A

Escape key

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30
Q

Also known as status light, indicate the status of toggle keys suc as num lock, caps lock, and scroll lock.

A

Light Indicator

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31
Q

It does not need to be connected to the computer via wire instead, it uses the three basic types of connection-Bluetooth, radio waves or infrared to connect to a wireless adapter.

A

Wireless keyboard

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32
Q

Is slim and usually used in laptops where sizing issues make it difficult to accommodate a standard keyboard. It does not have the numeric pad that is present on the right side of other keyboards.

A

Compact keyboard

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33
Q

Has special keys called hotkeys, which perform functions related to Internet usage. Typical hotkeys have functions like Back, Forward, Bookmark list, E-mail inbox, Google search, YouTube, Shopping online, etc.

A

Internet keyboard

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34
Q

Types of Keyboard

A
  1. Wireless Keyboard
  2. Compact Keyboard
  3. Internet Keyboard
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35
Q

What are the different parts of a keyboard

A
  1. Typing Keypad
  2. Numeric Keypad
  3. Function Keys
  4. Navigation Keys
  5. Escape Key
  6. Light Indicator
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36
Q

Includes features meant to enhance gaming experience, as well as to provide convenient usage for gamers.

A

Gaming keyboard

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37
Q

Is a software device that lets the users input data just like an actual keyboard. It opens up as an application and can be controlled by a mouse or via touch screen.

A

Virtual keyboard

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38
Q

Is the most basic form of keyboard that maintains the layout over the last 20 years. It is popularly known as QWERTY keyboard.

A

Standard keyboard

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39
Q

Is designed in such a way that typing can be done by putting least amount of stress on the fingers and wrist. This is a radical type of keyboard designed to prevent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, which causes numbness and tingling sensation in the hands and fingers.

A

Ergonomic keyboard

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40
Q

Displays information from the computer. Its size is typically expressed in inches as a diagonal measurement from one corner of the screen to the opposite.

A

A monitor or screen

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41
Q

Is the most common computer monitors until flat panel screens became affordable.

A

CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)

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42
Q

What are the types of Monitors?

A
  1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
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43
Q

What are the types of Monitors?

A
  1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
  2. LCD iquid Crystal Display)
  3. O-LED (Organic Light Emitting Display)
  4. Plasma
  5. Touchscreen
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44
Q

Senses the user’s motion and clicks, then sends them to the computer so it can respond appropriately.

A

The mouse

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45
Q

Is an external device that can be connected to a computer to print text and photos for books, flyers, magazine, newspapers, etc.

A

A printer

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46
Q

Types of Printer

A
  1. 3D printer
  2. All-In-One printer
  3. Dot matrix printer
  4. Inkjet printer
  5. Laser printer
  6. LED printer
  7. Plotter
  8. Thermal printer
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47
Q

Is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) device that creates three-dimensional objects.

A

3D printer

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48
Q

Is used to describe a hardware device that provides several functionalities, including printing, photocopying, faxing and scanning.

A

All-In-One printer

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49
Q

Uses print heads to shoot ink or strike an ink ribbon to place hundreds to thousands of little dots to form text and images.

A

Dot matrix printer

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50
Q

Is cheaper, smaller and have the versatility to print text and photos with high quality.

A

Inkjet printer

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51
Q

Is a printing device that uses a focused beam or light to transfer text and images onto paper.

A

Laser printer

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52
Q

Is an LED technology that uses a light- emitting diode array as a light source in the print head. It is a printer that is somehow similar to a laser printer.

A

LED printer

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53
Q

Is a printer used to print large scale images or drawings. It is commonly used to print computer aided drawing and line-art applications.

A

Plotter

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54
Q

Or also called as electrothermal printer, uses heated pins to “burn” images onto heat-sensitive paper. It is used commonly to create labels, safety signs, wayfinding markers, barcodes, shipping labels and other heavily-used items.

A

Thermal printer

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55
Q

Are used to produce audio that can be heard by the users. In computer, it is used to generate sound that is created by the computer’s sound card.

A

Speakers

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56
Q

Is a place ere data and information are stored in a digital format that can be retrieved anytime.

A

Data storage

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57
Q

____________ are coated with iron oxide a ferromagnetic material that can be magnetized. It stores data in the form of tiny magnetized dots.

A

Magnetic storage devices

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58
Q

The ____________ is used to read and write data to the disk.

A

mechanical arm

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59
Q

The data on a magnetic disk are read and written using a ___________.

A

magnetization process

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60
Q

A ___________ is a magnetic storage device where the computer’s operating system and programs are stored. It consists of one or more platters.

A

hard drive

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61
Q

_______________ are the storage of data in an optically-readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning optical disc.

A

Optical Storage Devices

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62
Q

Types of Optical Storage Device

A
  1. CD (Compact Disc)
  2. DVD (Digital Versatile/Video Disc)
  3. Blu-ray
  4. HD-DVD (High Definition DVD)
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63
Q

_________ eventually transitioned from a music source to a form of data storage. It was released in 1982.

A

CD (Compact Disc)

64
Q

_________ is widely used for storing and viewing movies audio and other data. It has an enhanced data storage capacity compared to compact disc.

A

DVD (Digital Versatile/Video Disc)

65
Q

______ is the newest high-definition optical format and was developed by the (BDA), a group of leading consumer electronics.

A

Blu-ray

66
Q

_______ is a high-density optical disc that offers enough storage space for full-length, high-definition movies on a single disc.

A

HD-DVD (High Definition DVD)

67
Q

___________ a non-volatile memory chip used to store data. It is a combination of raditional EPROM and EEPROM, which means it can be electronically reprogrammed and erased. It is often found in USB flash drives, digital cameras and solid-state drives.

A

Flash memory

68
Q

Is a small piece of computer storage device used to store and transfer information from one computer to another.

A

Flash drive

69
Q

Types of Flash Memory Devices

A
  1. Flash drive
  2. Memory card
  3. Memory stick
70
Q

Is a portable electronic device that stores data such as text, pictures, audio and video for various computing devices.

A

Memory card

71
Q

Is a flash memory that is used to store data for different compact electronic devices such as digital cameras and camcorder.

A

Memory stick

72
Q

__________ is a leading company in promoting memory stick as a new way to share and transfer pictures, sound and other data.

A

Sony

73
Q

Is a hardware device designed to transmit an analog or digital signal from one place to another. It transmits data over the telephone through the use of communication wire which allows one computer to communicate with another.

A

A communication device

74
Q

Is capable of sending and receiving a signal that allows a computer to talk to other computers over the telephone.

A

A modem

75
Q

__________ a modem that comes as an expansion board inserted into computer. It refers to the memory chip on the motherboard. It cannot be removed, but can be disabled through a Jumper or CMOS Setup.

A

On-Board Modem

76
Q

Is a modem that fits inside of a computer. It is connected to a PCI slot inside the desktop computer or in ISA of older computer.

A

Internal Modem

77
Q

Is a modem that connects to the computer externally with the use of straight-through serial cable. It has a light indicator or other sensor that allows the user to check on the status of the internet connection.

A

External Modem

78
Q

________ is a modem used with older laptops PCMCIA slot and can be added or removed as needed.

A

Removable modem

79
Q

Types of Modem

A
  1. On-board modem
  2. Internal modem
  3. External modem
  4. Removable modem
80
Q

Commonly Used Communication Devices:

A
  1. Dial-up modem
  2. Cable or DSL modem
  3. Router
  4. Switch
  5. Hub
81
Q

_________ connects computers via telephone line. It also connects broadband modems which have a high-speed connection to the internet.

A

Dial-up modem

82
Q

_________ is usually an external modem
that hooks up to either the network card or the USB port.

A

Cable or DSL modem

83
Q

_______ is a hardware device designed to receive, analyze and move incoming packets to another network. It may also be used to convert the packets to another network interface, drop them, and perform other actions relating to a network.

A

Router

84
Q

_____________ is also called as Switching hub or Bridging hub. It filters and centralizes communication among multiple devices connected in a LAN segments.

A

Switch

85
Q

___ connects multiple networks to a single internet connection. It is similar to switch but not as smart.

A

Hub

86
Q

A __________ is a box-like case that contains most of the electronics components of a computer.

A

computer case

87
Q

Types of Computer Cases

A
  1. Desktop cases
  2. Tower cases
88
Q

__________ are the standard computer cases since the release of the first ever computer introduced by IBM.

A

Desktop cases

89
Q

Are designed for servers and high-performance workstations.

A

Tower cases

90
Q

Types of Tower Cases

A
  1. Mini tower cases
  2. Mid-tower cases
  3. Full tower cases
91
Q

Are the compressed version of mini tower cases and are more box-shaped than the latter.

A

Shuttle cases

92
Q

Are simply towered cases turned on their sideways. They can hold a monitor on top of them.

A

Slim line cases

93
Q

Are used by notebooks, laptops and tablet PC because they are usually the lightest and most portable in the market.

A

Portable cases

94
Q

Are very compact and slim that they can be attached at the back of the monitor.

A

Mini cases

95
Q

Have slim and cool-looking appearance. They are available in a variety of stylish and capable designs.

A

All-in-one cases

96
Q

Is a form factor for desktop computer cases, motherboards and power supplies.

A

ATX or Advanced Technology Extended

97
Q

This standard (ATX) was introduced by _____ in _______ and defined acceptable sizes for various hardware components.

A

Intel in 1995

98
Q

What to Look for in an ATX Case?

A
  1. Size
  2. Cooling
  3. Looks
99
Q

Is a point-to-point channel designed for video cards and 3D accelerators.

A

AGP Slot or accelerated graphics port

100
Q

Is a group of connectors designed to connect a computer’s power supply to an ATX motherboard.

A

ATX Power Connector

101
Q

Are connectors at the back of the system unit that allows a computer to connect external peripherals such as monitor, speakers, keyboard and mouse as well as the power
source.

A

Back Panel and I/O Connectors

102
Q

Is a bit like a battery that stores energy in a form of electrostatic field. It consists of two plates of conductor and a dielectric insulator.

A

Capacitor

103
Q

Is a component that stores all the BIOS information such as the system time and date, as well as the hardware setting.

A

CMOS Battery or
complementary metal semiconductor

104
Q

Is designed to connect the processor to the motherboard and ensures correct circuit chip insertion.

A

CPU Socket or processor socket

105
Q

_______ is a metallic hardware component that absorbs heat from microprocessor chip by dissipating it into the air to prevent device overheating.

A

Heatsink

106
Q

Is used to connect hard drives and optical devices to a motherboard with a long and flat ribbon cable.

A

IDE Connector or integrated drive electronics connector

107
Q

Consists of a conductor such as wire and is usually twisted into a coil. It generates a magnetic field when the current is passed through it and stores the energy in the form of a magnetic field.

A

Inductor

108
Q

_______ is a small metal connector that allows a computer to close an electrical circuit. It consists of a plastic plug that fits over a protruding pin and covered with a small plastic box.

A

Jumper

109
Q

_______ is a socket that holds the RAM in place. Adding RAM expands the built-in memory of the computer.

A

Memory Slot

110
Q

_______ is a controller that interconnects with the CPU and controls the interaction with the memory. It is also known as memory controller hub.

A

Northbridge

111
Q

PCI Slots allow the addition of PCI devices such as modem, network interface card, sound and video card.

A

PCI Slots (PCI stands for peripheral components interconnect.)

112
Q

_____ is an expansion slot that allows a computer to connect to one or more peripheral devices.

A

PCI Express

113
Q

________ is an Intel chipset responsible for the I/O controller and other hardware components.

A

Southbridge

114
Q

________ is an interface used to connect ATA hard drives to a computer’s motherboard.

A

SATA Connector

115
Q

What does SATA mean?

A

serial advanced technology attachment

116
Q

______________________ is a group of pins in a motherboard that allows a computer to connect external storage and multimedia devices.

A

USB Connector and 1394 Header

117
Q

Controls the connection of the front panel components such as the power switch button, reset button and LEDs.

A

Front Panel Connector

118
Q

Is used to connect the motherboard to ATX 12V sockets. It gives extra power support to the motherboard.

A

4-pin (P4) Power Connector

119
Q

Types of Motherboard

A
  1. AT or Advanced Technology
  2. BABY AT
    3.
120
Q

AT or Advanced Technology motherboard was introduced by ___ on _________.

A

IBM on August 1984.

121
Q

It was designed to have a wider board than ATX form factor by 4 inches.

A

AT or Advanced Technology

122
Q

It is a replacement for AT motherboard and is commonly referred as “BAT”

A

BABY AT

123
Q

Is a variant of Baby AT used in low profile desktop and was originally developed by Western Digital in the 1980s.

A

LPX stands for Low Profile Extended

124
Q

___ is a motherboard introduced by Intel in 1987. ____ expansion cards are perpendicular to the board unlike LPX form factor. It allows smaller cases, but the expansion slots are limited.

A

NLX

125
Q

Was developed by Intel on July 1995 to superseded the Baby AT designed. This is the common motherboard design in the market. It allows board makers to customize the ports in the back with back plates which are impossible in AT. It offers a wide range of computing capacities.

A

ATX or Advanced Technology Extended

126
Q

______ is a form factor intended to improve the thermal dissipation of the computer and to decrease the needs for power. It was introduced on September 2003 by Intel.

A

BTX

127
Q

___ was introduced by AMD on January 2007. It provides two expansion cards and is specifically designed for small computers such as media center computers.

A

DTX

128
Q

____ is a variant of ATX form factors but is a couple of inches shorter than ATX. It can be used in either an ATX case or smaller computer case, and has a fewer drive bays.

A

Micro ATX

129
Q

It is an integrated circuit that performs all the arithmetic and logic operations of the computer such as adding, subtracting, comparing two numbers and fetching numbers from one area to another.

A

microprocessor, also known as the central processing unit (CPU)

130
Q

_____ is a small ceramic or metal component with fins on its surface that absorbs and disperses heat produced by electrical components, such as processor.

A

Heat sink

131
Q

____________ uses a continuous flow of fluids, such as water and glycol, in a process that transfers the heat fluid away from the processor to a radiator-type grill, which cools the liquid and then returns the cooled fluid to the processor.

A

Liquid cooling technology

132
Q

Two Major Chip Manufacturers

A
  1. Intel
  2. AMD (Advanced Micro Device) Inc.
133
Q

A _____ is a non-volatile hardware device and is usually the largest data storage in a computer. It can store large amount of data such as operating system executable programs and other files permanently.

A

hard disk drive

134
Q

In _____, hard drives were originally developed for mainframes and minicomputers.

A

1956

135
Q

The ______ is a metal alloy coated in a magnetic media and is located within the hard drive to permanently store all the computer’s data.

A

platter

136
Q

The ____ is where the platters of a hard drive rest.

A

spindle

137
Q

The ______ is found on the arm of a hard drive which is used to read and write data from the hard drive’s disk platter.

A

head

138
Q

A __________ is commonly used in computer drive cable connections to bring electricity into the hard drive.

A

power connector

139
Q

A ____________ is typically used to configure the drive. It composes of pins used to close in an electrical circuit.

A

jumper block

140
Q

An _________ allows for much simpler installation of the hard drive into the system by removing the difficulties associated with the separation of the components and controllers such as the predecessor drives.

A

IDE connector

141
Q

An ________ is an electronic device controlled by a motor that moves the hard drive head arm.

A

actuator

142
Q

An ________ is an electronic device controlled by a motor that moves the hard drive head arm.

A

actuator

143
Q

Types of Hard Drive

A
  1. Internal hard drive
  2. External hard drive
  3. Wireless hard drive
  4. Removable drives
144
Q

It is the primary storage device located inside the computer system. It usually contains pre-installed software applications, operating system and other files.

A

Internal hard drive

145
Q

Types of Internal Hard Drive

A
  1. SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)
  2. SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)
  3. ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
  4. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
  5. SSD (Solid-State Drive)
146
Q

________________ is a computer standard interface used for transferring data from computer to other devices. It was developed by the American National Standards Institute in 1982. It usually has 50-68 pins and is usually used for servers and workstations because of its higher transfer rate than the IDE interface.

A

SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)

147
Q

_________ is an evolution of SCSI that transfers digital data over a thin cable. This communication protocol offers a more reliable and much higher speed data transfer. It is commonly used in the business sector such as banking transactions where high speed and high availability are crucial.

A

SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)

148
Q

________ was designed to connect storage devices without the need for an external controller. It usually consists of 40 pins and allows transfer speed up to 16-32 bits at a time.

A

ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)

149
Q

_____________ is a computer bus technology used to connect ATA hard drive to a computer’s motherboard.

A

SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)

150
Q

___________ does not consist of moving parts unlike other types that are electromechanical. It uses semiconductors for data storage.

A

SSD (Solid-State Drive)

151
Q

An ________ is a portable storage device that is connected to the computer via USB. It is easy to use and offers high storage capabilities which is used to back up computers.

A

External hard drive

152
Q

________ make use of either Bluetooth or Wi-Fi to store files. It is a little bit bulky and heavy due to its backup battery and wireless unit. It is commonly used for devices like smartphones and tablets.

A

Wireless Hard Drive

153
Q

________ allow users to move and back up information from one computer to another. Compare to storage area network, removable drive provide fast data backup and recovery.

A

Removable Drives

154
Q

Types of Removable Drives:

A
  1. Optical Disk Drive (CD / DVD/ BD)
  2. Card Reader
  3. USB Flash Drive
155
Q

____________ is a type of computer disk drive that uses laser light to read and write data to an optical disc such as CDs, DVDs and BDs (Blu-ray discs).

A

Optical Disk Drive (CD / DVD/ BD)

156
Q

________ is used to access data from multimedia cards such as SD card, micro SD, MMC, XD and memory stick.

A

Card Reader

157
Q

_______ is a small portable storage device that is connected to the computer. These drives are easy to use since it can be carried in a pocket because of its size.

A

USB Flash Drive

gr10_2q (7 decks)

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