computer Flashcards
1
Q
Is a general- purpose tool built with a microprocessor, designed for use by an individual.
A
Personal Computer
2
Q
Are the various physical components that comprise a computer system, as opposed to the non-tangible software elements.
A
Hardware
3
Q
Are any device that an individual use to give instructions to the computer.
A
Input Devices
4
Q
Are equipment that the computer uses to communicate information to the user.
A
Output Devices
5
Q
Facilitate communication by using a specific media. The most commonly used communication device is a modem.
A
Communication devices
6
Q
Refer to all hardware capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently such as hard disks.
A
Storage devices
7
Q
It is the enclosure for all the other main interior components of a computer.
A
System unit
8
Q
Is one of the vital parts of a computer system. It is known as the backbone of the computer.
A
Motherboard
9
Q
Is a group of integrated circuits designed to perform one or more related functions.
A
Chipset
10
Q
Is the main brain or heart of a computer system. It is a chip that determines the processing power of the computer.
A
CPU (Central Processing Unit)
11
Q
Is a major part of computers which data is stored to quick access by the computer’s processor.
A
Memory
12
Q
Two Types of Memory
A
RAM & ROM
13
Q
Is non-volatile, meaning it holds data even when the power is ON or OFF.
A
ROM (Read Only Memory)
14
Q
Is volatile, meaning it holds data only when the power is ON.
A
RAM (Random Access Memory)
15
Q
Allows the CPU to transfer information to the other devices in the computer and vice versa.
A
Expansion bus
16
Q
Connect the CPU to other internal components.
A
Internal buses
17
Q
Support ports for external devices.
A
External buses
18
Q
Is a device that allows one hardware to be adapted to another hardware It is used to give computers additional functionality or compatibility.
A
Adapter
19
Q
Is an IC or internal board that creates a picture on a display. It is a piece of computer hardware that is rectangular in shape with numerous contacts on the bottom of the card and one or more ports on the side for connection to video displays and other devices.
A
Video card
20
Q
Is an expansion card that produces sound on a computer which car be heard through speakers or headphones.
A
Sound card
21
Q
Is a component that is absolutely vital to the operation of the computer. It is a piece of hardware that used to convert the power provided from the outlet into usable power for many parts inside the computer case.
A
PSU (Power Supply Unit)
22
Q
Is the largest data storage device in computer. It uses magnetism to store data on a rotating platter.
A
HDD (Hard Disk Drive)
23
Q
Is a storage device that uses lasers to read and write data on the optical media.
A
Optical drive
24
Q
Allows the user to input letters and other symbols into a computer.
A
Keyboard
25
Is the center of the keyboard that contains the largest number o keys and includes the spacebar, letters and numbers.
Typing keypad
26
Is arranged like a standard calculator used to enter numerica data. It is usually located at the right side of the keyboard.
Numeric keypad
27
Are used for special purposes and most programmers use these key to do a specific task. These keys are located at the top of the keyboard.
Function keys
28
Are used to navigate through documents and websites. Examples are up, down, left and right arrows.
Navigation keys
29
Is used to cancel operations.
Escape key
30
Also known as status light, indicate the status of toggle keys suc as num lock, caps lock, and scroll lock.
Light Indicator
31
It does not need to be connected to the computer via wire instead, it uses the three basic types of connection-Bluetooth, radio waves or infrared to connect to a wireless adapter.
Wireless keyboard
32
Is slim and usually used in laptops where sizing issues make it difficult to accommodate a standard keyboard. It does not have the numeric pad that is present on the right side of other keyboards.
Compact keyboard
33
Has special keys called hotkeys, which perform functions related to Internet usage. Typical hotkeys have functions like Back, Forward, Bookmark list, E-mail inbox, Google search, YouTube, Shopping online, etc.
Internet keyboard
34
Types of Keyboard
1. Wireless Keyboard
2. Compact Keyboard
3. Internet Keyboard
35
What are the different parts of a keyboard
1. Typing Keypad
2. Numeric Keypad
3. Function Keys
4. Navigation Keys
5. Escape Key
6. Light Indicator
36
Includes features meant to enhance gaming experience, as well as to provide convenient usage for gamers.
Gaming keyboard
37
Is a software device that lets the users input data just like an actual keyboard. It opens up as an application and can be controlled by a mouse or via touch screen.
Virtual keyboard
38
Is the most basic form of keyboard that maintains the layout over the last 20 years. It is popularly known as QWERTY keyboard.
Standard keyboard
39
Is designed in such a way that typing can be done by putting least amount of stress on the fingers and wrist. This is a radical type of keyboard designed to prevent Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, which causes numbness and tingling sensation in the hands and fingers.
Ergonomic keyboard
40
Displays information from the computer. Its size is typically expressed in inches as a diagonal measurement from one corner of the screen to the opposite.
A monitor or screen
41
Is the most common computer monitors until flat panel screens became affordable.
CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
42
What are the types of Monitors?
1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
43
What are the types of Monitors?
1. CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
2. LCD iquid Crystal Display)
3. O-LED (Organic Light Emitting Display)
4. Plasma
5. Touchscreen
44
Senses the user's motion and clicks, then sends them to the computer so it can respond appropriately.
The mouse
45
Is an external device that can be connected to a computer to print text and photos for books, flyers, magazine, newspapers, etc.
A printer
46
Types of Printer
1. 3D printer
2. All-In-One printer
3. Dot matrix printer
4. Inkjet printer
5. Laser printer
6. LED printer
7. Plotter
8. Thermal printer
47
Is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) device that creates three-dimensional objects.
3D printer
48
Is used to describe a hardware device that provides several functionalities, including printing, photocopying, faxing and scanning.
All-In-One printer
49
Uses print heads to shoot ink or strike an ink ribbon to place hundreds to thousands of little dots to form text and images.
Dot matrix printer
50
Is cheaper, smaller and have the versatility to print text and photos with high quality.
Inkjet printer
51
Is a printing device that uses a focused beam or light to transfer text and images onto paper.
Laser printer
52
Is an LED technology that uses a light- emitting diode array as a light source in the print head. It is a printer that is somehow similar to a laser printer.
LED printer
53
Is a printer used to print large scale images or drawings. It is commonly used to print computer aided drawing and line-art applications.
Plotter
54
Or also called as electrothermal printer, uses heated pins to "burn" images onto heat-sensitive paper. It is used commonly to create labels, safety signs, wayfinding markers, barcodes, shipping labels and other heavily-used items.
Thermal printer
55
Are used to produce audio that can be heard by the users. In computer, it is used to generate sound that is created by the computer's sound card.
Speakers
56
Is a place ere data and information are stored in a digital format that can be retrieved anytime.
Data storage
57
____________ are coated with iron oxide a ferromagnetic material that can be magnetized. It stores data in the form of tiny magnetized dots.
Magnetic storage devices
58
The ____________ is used to read and write data to the disk.
mechanical arm
59
The data on a magnetic disk are read and written using a ___________.
magnetization process
60
A ___________ is a magnetic storage device where the computer's operating system and programs are stored. It consists of one or more platters.
hard drive
61
_______________ are the storage of data in an optically-readable medium. Data is recorded by making marks in a pattern that can be read back with the aid of light usually a beam of laser light precisely focused on a spinning optical disc.
Optical Storage Devices
62
Types of Optical Storage Device
1. CD (Compact Disc)
2. DVD (Digital Versatile/Video Disc)
3. Blu-ray
4. HD-DVD (High Definition DVD)
63
_________ eventually transitioned from a music source to a form of data storage. It was released in 1982.
CD (Compact Disc)
64
_________ is widely used for storing and viewing movies audio and other data. It has an enhanced data storage capacity compared to compact disc.
DVD (Digital Versatile/Video Disc)
65
______ is the newest high-definition optical format and was developed by the (BDA), a group of leading consumer electronics.
Blu-ray
66
_______ is a high-density optical disc that offers enough storage space for full-length, high-definition movies on a single disc.
HD-DVD (High Definition DVD)
67
___________ a non-volatile memory chip used to store data. It is a combination of raditional EPROM and EEPROM, which means it can be electronically reprogrammed and erased. It is often found in USB flash drives, digital cameras and solid-state drives.
Flash memory
68
Is a small piece of computer storage device used to store and transfer information from one computer to another.
Flash drive
69
Types of Flash Memory Devices
1. Flash drive
2. Memory card
3. Memory stick
70
Is a portable electronic device that stores data such as text, pictures, audio and video for various computing devices.
Memory card
71
Is a flash memory that is used to store data for different compact electronic devices such as digital cameras and camcorder.
Memory stick
72
__________ is a leading company in promoting memory stick as a new way to share and transfer pictures, sound and other data.
Sony
73
Is a hardware device designed to transmit an analog or digital signal from one place to another. It transmits data over the telephone through the use of communication wire which allows one computer to communicate with another.
A communication device
74
Is capable of sending and receiving a signal that allows a computer to talk to other computers over the telephone.
A modem
75
__________ a modem that comes as an expansion board inserted into computer. It refers to the memory chip on the motherboard. It cannot be removed, but can be disabled through a Jumper or CMOS Setup.
On-Board Modem
76
Is a modem that fits inside of a computer. It is connected to a PCI slot inside the desktop computer or in ISA of older computer.
Internal Modem
77
Is a modem that connects to the computer externally with the use of straight-through serial cable. It has a light indicator or other sensor that allows the user to check on the status of the internet connection.
External Modem
78
________ is a modem used with older laptops PCMCIA slot and can be added or removed as needed.
Removable modem
79
Types of Modem
1. On-board modem
2. Internal modem
3. External modem
4. Removable modem
80
Commonly Used Communication Devices:
1. Dial-up modem
2. Cable or DSL modem
3. Router
4. Switch
5. Hub
81
_________ connects computers via telephone line. It also connects broadband modems which have a high-speed connection to the internet.
Dial-up modem
82
_________ is usually an external modem
that hooks up to either the network card or the USB port.
Cable or DSL modem
83
_______ is a hardware device designed to receive, analyze and move incoming packets to another network. It may also be used to convert the packets to another network interface, drop them, and perform other actions relating to a network.
Router
84
_____________ is also called as Switching hub or Bridging hub. It filters and centralizes communication among multiple devices connected in a LAN segments.
Switch
85
___ connects multiple networks to a single internet connection. It is similar to switch but not as smart.
Hub
86
A __________ is a box-like case that contains most of the electronics components of a computer.
computer case
87
Types of Computer Cases
1. Desktop cases
2. Tower cases
88
__________ are the standard computer cases since the release of the first ever computer introduced by IBM.
Desktop cases
89
Are designed for servers and high-performance workstations.
Tower cases
90
Types of Tower Cases
1. Mini tower cases
2. Mid-tower cases
3. Full tower cases
91
Are the compressed version of mini tower cases and are more box-shaped than the latter.
Shuttle cases
92
Are simply towered cases turned on their sideways. They can hold a monitor on top of them.
Slim line cases
93
Are used by notebooks, laptops and tablet PC because they are usually the lightest and most portable in the market.
Portable cases
94
Are very compact and slim that they can be attached at the back of the monitor.
Mini cases
95
Have slim and cool-looking appearance. They are available in a variety of stylish and capable designs.
All-in-one cases
96
Is a form factor for desktop computer cases, motherboards and power supplies.
ATX or Advanced Technology Extended
97
This standard (ATX) was introduced by _____ in _______ and defined acceptable sizes for various hardware components.
Intel in 1995
98
What to Look for in an ATX Case?
1. Size
2. Cooling
3. Looks
99
Is a point-to-point channel designed for video cards and 3D accelerators.
AGP Slot or accelerated graphics port
100
Is a group of connectors designed to connect a computer's power supply to an ATX motherboard.
ATX Power Connector
101
Are connectors at the back of the system unit that allows a computer to connect external peripherals such as monitor, speakers, keyboard and mouse as well as the power
source.
Back Panel and I/O Connectors
102
Is a bit like a battery that stores energy in a form of electrostatic field. It consists of two plates of conductor and a dielectric insulator.
Capacitor
103
Is a component that stores all the BIOS information such as the system time and date, as well as the hardware setting.
CMOS Battery or
complementary metal semiconductor
104
Is designed to connect the processor to the motherboard and ensures correct circuit chip insertion.
CPU Socket or processor socket
105
_______ is a metallic hardware component that absorbs heat from microprocessor chip by dissipating it into the air to prevent device overheating.
Heatsink
106
Is used to connect hard drives and optical devices to a motherboard with a long and flat ribbon cable.
IDE Connector or integrated drive electronics connector
107
Consists of a conductor such as wire and is usually twisted into a coil. It generates a magnetic field when the current is passed through it and stores the energy in the form of a magnetic field.
Inductor
108
_______ is a small metal connector that allows a computer to close an electrical circuit. It consists of a plastic plug that fits over a protruding pin and covered with a small plastic box.
Jumper
109
_______ is a socket that holds the RAM in place. Adding RAM expands the built-in memory of the computer.
Memory Slot
110
_______ is a controller that interconnects with the CPU and controls the interaction with the memory. It is also known as memory controller hub.
Northbridge
111
PCI Slots allow the addition of PCI devices such as modem, network interface card, sound and video card.
PCI Slots (PCI stands for peripheral components interconnect.)
112
_____ is an expansion slot that allows a computer to connect to one or more peripheral devices.
PCI Express
113
________ is an Intel chipset responsible for the I/O controller and other hardware components.
Southbridge
114
________ is an interface used to connect ATA hard drives to a computer's motherboard.
SATA Connector
115
What does SATA mean?
serial advanced technology attachment
116
______________________ is a group of pins in a motherboard that allows a computer to connect external storage and multimedia devices.
USB Connector and 1394 Header
117
Controls the connection of the front panel components such as the power switch button, reset button and LEDs.
Front Panel Connector
118
Is used to connect the motherboard to ATX 12V sockets. It gives extra power support to the motherboard.
4-pin (P4) Power Connector
119
Types of Motherboard
1. AT or Advanced Technology
2. BABY AT
3.
120
AT or Advanced Technology motherboard was introduced by ___ on _________.
IBM on August 1984.
121
It was designed to have a wider board than ATX form factor by 4 inches.
AT or Advanced Technology
122
It is a replacement for AT motherboard and is commonly referred as "BAT"
BABY AT
123
Is a variant of Baby AT used in low profile desktop and was originally developed by Western Digital in the 1980s.
LPX stands for Low Profile Extended
124
___ is a motherboard introduced by Intel in 1987. ____ expansion cards are perpendicular to the board unlike LPX form factor. It allows smaller cases, but the expansion slots are limited.
NLX
125
Was developed by Intel on July 1995 to superseded the Baby AT designed. This is the common motherboard design in the market. It allows board makers to customize the ports in the back with back plates which are impossible in AT. It offers a wide range of computing capacities.
ATX or Advanced Technology Extended
126
______ is a form factor intended to improve the thermal dissipation of the computer and to decrease the needs for power. It was introduced on September 2003 by Intel.
BTX
127
___ was introduced by AMD on January 2007. It provides two expansion cards and is specifically designed for small computers such as media center computers.
DTX
128
____ is a variant of ATX form factors but is a couple of inches shorter than ATX. It can be used in either an ATX case or smaller computer case, and has a fewer drive bays.
Micro ATX
129
It is an integrated circuit that performs all the arithmetic and logic operations of the computer such as adding, subtracting, comparing two numbers and fetching numbers from one area to another.
microprocessor, also known as the central processing unit (CPU)
130
_____ is a small ceramic or metal component with fins on its surface that absorbs and disperses heat produced by electrical components, such as processor.
Heat sink
131
____________ uses a continuous flow of fluids, such as water and glycol, in a process that transfers the heat fluid away from the processor to a radiator-type grill, which cools the liquid and then returns the cooled fluid to the processor.
Liquid cooling technology
132
Two Major Chip Manufacturers
1. Intel
2. AMD (Advanced Micro Device) Inc.
133
A _____ is a non-volatile hardware device and is usually the largest data storage in a computer. It can store large amount of data such as operating system executable programs and other files permanently.
hard disk drive
134
In _____, hard drives were originally developed for mainframes and minicomputers.
1956
135
The ______ is a metal alloy coated in a magnetic media and is located within the hard drive to permanently store all the computer's data.
platter
136
The ____ is where the platters of a hard drive rest.
spindle
137
The ______ is found on the arm of a hard drive which is used to read and write data from the hard drive's disk platter.
head
138
A __________ is commonly used in computer drive cable connections to bring electricity into the hard drive.
power connector
139
A ____________ is typically used to configure the drive. It composes of pins used to close in an electrical circuit.
jumper block
140
An _________ allows for much simpler installation of the hard drive into the system by removing the difficulties associated with the separation of the components and controllers such as the predecessor drives.
IDE connector
141
An ________ is an electronic device controlled by a motor that moves the hard drive head arm.
actuator
142
An ________ is an electronic device controlled by a motor that moves the hard drive head arm.
actuator
143
Types of Hard Drive
1. Internal hard drive
2. External hard drive
3. Wireless hard drive
4. Removable drives
144
It is the primary storage device located inside the computer system. It usually contains pre-installed software applications, operating system and other files.
Internal hard drive
145
Types of Internal Hard Drive
1. SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)
2. SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)
3. ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
4. SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
5. SSD (Solid-State Drive)
146
________________ is a computer standard interface used for transferring data from computer to other devices. It was developed by the American National Standards Institute in 1982. It usually has 50-68 pins and is usually used for servers and workstations because of its higher transfer rate than the IDE interface.
SCSI (Small Computer Systems Interface)
147
_________ is an evolution of SCSI that transfers digital data over a thin cable. This communication protocol offers a more reliable and much higher speed data transfer. It is commonly used in the business sector such as banking transactions where high speed and high availability are crucial.
SAS (Serial Attached SCSI)
148
________ was designed to connect storage devices without the need for an external controller. It usually consists of 40 pins and allows transfer speed up to 16-32 bits at a time.
ATA (Advanced Technology Attachment)
149
_____________ is a computer bus technology used to connect ATA hard drive to a computer's motherboard.
SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
150
___________ does not consist of moving parts unlike other types that are electromechanical. It uses semiconductors for data storage.
SSD (Solid-State Drive)
151
An ________ is a portable storage device that is connected to the computer via USB. It is easy to use and offers high storage capabilities which is used to back up computers.
External hard drive
152
________ make use of either Bluetooth or Wi-Fi to store files. It is a little bit bulky and heavy due to its backup battery and wireless unit. It is commonly used for devices like smartphones and tablets.
Wireless Hard Drive
153
________ allow users to move and back up information from one computer to another. Compare to storage area network, removable drive provide fast data backup and recovery.
Removable Drives
154
Types of Removable Drives:
1. Optical Disk Drive (CD / DVD/ BD)
2. Card Reader
3. USB Flash Drive
155
____________ is a type of computer disk drive that uses laser light to read and write data to an optical disc such as CDs, DVDs and BDs (Blu-ray discs).
Optical Disk Drive (CD / DVD/ BD)
156
________ is used to access data from multimedia cards such as SD card, micro SD, MMC, XD and memory stick.
Card Reader
157
_______ is a small portable storage device that is connected to the computer. These drives are easy to use since it can be carried in a pocket because of its size.
USB Flash Drive
