CompTIA module 4

Question 1

What is a Port ?

Answer 1

• logical connection point that allows devices to communicate with one another.
• A port is a 16-bit number (0-65535) that identifies a specific process or service running on a network device.
• Port 0 reserved and not used.
• IANA assigns port numbers

Question 2

What are the 3 port ranges ?

Answer 2

• Well-known ports (0-1023): Standardized ports for common services (e.g., HTTP:80, FTP:21)
• Registered ports (1024-49151): Assigned by IANA for specific services
• Private ports (49152-65535): Available for custom use

Question 3

What are the functions of Ports ?

Answer 3

• Service identification: Identifies the service or process running on a device
• Connection establishment: Enables devices to establish connections
• Data routing: Directs data to the correct process or service

Question 4

Name the following TCP Ports: 80, 433, 21, 22

Answer 4

• HTTP: 80 (Web servers)
• HTTPS: 443 (Secure web servers)
• FTP: 21 (File Transfer Protocol)
• SSH: 22 (Secure Shell)

Question 5

Name the following TCP Ports: 25, 53, 161, 23.

Answer 5

• SMTP: 25 (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)
• DNS: 53 (Domain Name System)
• SNMP: 161 (Simple Network Management Protocol)
• Telnet: 23 (Remote access)

Question 6

Name the following UDP Ports: 67-68, 161-162, 69, 123

Answer 6

• DHCP: 67-68 (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
• SNMP: 161-162 (Simple Network Management Protocol)
• TFTP: 69 (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)
• NTP: 123 (Network Time Protocol)

Question 7

Name the following Ports: 500, 119, 3389, 389

Answer 7

• Port 500:
  IPSec (Internet Protocol Security)
  IKE (Internet Key Exchange)
  ISAKMP (Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol)
• Port 119:
  NNTP (Network News Transfer Protocol)
  Usenet news
• Port 3389:
  RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol)
  Microsoft Terminal Services
• Port 389:
  LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
  Directory services (e.g., Active Directory)

Question 8

What is File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ?

Answer 8

Question 9

List 7 FTP commands.

Answer 9

Question 10

List 4 FTP modes.

Answer 10

• Binary mode: Transfers files in binary format.
• ASCII mode: Transfers text files in ASCII format.
• Active mode: FTP server initiates data transfer.
• Passive mode: FTP client initiates data transfer.

Question 11

List 4 FTP types

Answer 11

• FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Standard FTP.
• SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol): Secure, encrypted FTP.
• FTPS (FTP over SSL/TLS): FTP over secure socket layer.
• TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol): Simple, non-secure FTP.

Question 12

What are the default FTP Port numbers ?

Answer 12

• Command port: 21 (default)
• Data port: 20 (default)

Question 13

What is Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ?

Answer 13

• Is a push protocol used for sending and receiving email messages between email servers and clients.

Question 14

What are the key features of SMTP ?

Answer 14

• Mail transfer: Sends and receives email messages.
• Relaying: Forwards email messages to next-hop servers.
• Mail routing: Routes email messages to destination servers.
• Authentication: Optional authentication mechanisms.
• Error handling: Returns error messages for undeliverable emails.

Question 15

What ports do SMTP use ?

Answer 15

• Default port: 25 (non-secure)
• Secure port: 465 (SSL/TLS encrypted)
• Submission port: 587 (authenticated submissions)

Question 16

List 3 SMTP response codes

Answer 16

• 2xx: Success
• 4xx: Temporary failure
• 5xx: Permanent failure