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Oral Pathology > COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL DENTISTRY ORAL PATHOLOGY REFRESHER > Flashcards

COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL DENTISTRY ORAL PATHOLOGY REFRESHER Flashcards

1
Q

How do you describe a lesion?

A
  1. number of lesions
  2. size
  3. color
    4.symptoms
  4. type of lesion
  5. consistency
  6. location
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2
Q

when in doubt about a lesion, what do you do?

A

take a picture (good quality), take a biopsy, and if intraosseous - take a radiograph

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3
Q

macule

A

focal area of change that is NOT elevated or depressed in relation to its surroundings

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4
Q

if you run your fingers along a lesion and the texture changes, is it a macule?

A

No

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5
Q

what is the most common type of macule?

A

melanotic macule

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6
Q

papule

A

a solid, raised lesion that is less than 5mm in diameter

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7
Q

nodule

A

a solid, raised lesion that is greater than 5mm in diameter

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8
Q

can a nodule or papule be any color

A

yes

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9
Q

what is the typical color of a nodule or a papule?

A

pink…white if traumatized

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10
Q

are papules and nodules well circumscribed

A

yes

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11
Q

what is a more acceptable term for a nodule or papule if the area is NOT well circumscribed?

A

swelling

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12
Q

plaque

A

lesion that is slightly elevated and is flat on its surface

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13
Q

what is the difference between a plaque and macule

A

a plaque will have some surface texture to it if you rub your fingers along it

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14
Q

plaque is often associated with what type of lesion

A

dysplastic

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15
Q

dyplastic lesions have the potential to be what

A

malignant

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16
Q

sessile

A

a tumor or growth whose base is the widest part of the lesion

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17
Q

pedunculated

A

a tumor or growth whose base is narrower than the widest part of the lesion

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18
Q

papillary

A

a tumor or growth exhibiting numerous surface projections

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19
Q

verrucous

A

a tumor or growth exhibiting a rough warty surface

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20
Q

what is the difference between papillary and verrucous

A

verrucous lesions tend to have a more irregular surface than papillary lesions

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21
Q

vesicle

A

a superficial blister 5mm or less in diameter that is usually filled with clear fluid

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22
Q

bulla

A

a large blister that is greater than 5mm in diameter

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23
Q

pustule

A

blister filled with purulent exudate (pus)

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24
Q

vesicles compared to pustules and bullas tend to do what

A

occur in clusters

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25
Q

erosion

A

partial or total loss of the surface epethelium

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26
Q

ulcer/ulceration

A

lesion characterized by the loss of surface epithelium and some of the connective tissue

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27
Q

what is the ending result of ulcers due to their characteristics?

A

depressed or excavated

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28
Q

fibroma

A

reactive fibrous hyperplasia in response to local irritation, trauma

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29
Q

is a fibroma a true neoplasm

A

no

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30
Q

what are physical characteristics of a fibroma

A

smooth surface, pink nodule

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31
Q

what is the most common location of a fibroma

A

buccal mucosa at the bite lone

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32
Q

NEVER do what to tissue

A

throw it in the garbage

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33
Q

mucocele

A

a common lession that results in the rupture of mucin into the surrounding soft tissues due to local trauma

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34
Q

a mucocele has what physical appearance

A

dome shaped, mucosal swelling that can vary in size

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35
Q

what color is a mucocele and why

A

the spilled mucin below that muccosal surface gives a blue hue BUT deeper ones may be lower in color

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36
Q

what is the most common site for a mucocele

A

lower lip

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37
Q

what is a fluctuant lesion of the upper lip

A

salivary gland tumor

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38
Q

PSEUDOMEMBRANOUS CANDIDIASIS

A

white plaques that resemble cottage cheese of curdled milk

39
Q

what initiates PM candidiasis

A

broad spectrum antibiotics
immune impairment

40
Q

In terms of PM candidiasis what is a rapid onset and what is slower

A

thrust from antibiotics is faster than an immunocompromised status

41
Q

can PM candidiasis be wiped off

A

YES with dry gauze

42
Q

what demographic is PM candidiasis common in

A

infants due to underdeveloped immune system

43
Q

what is a common characteristic of PM candidiasis

A

burning sensation

44
Q

what is a treatment for PM candidiasis

A

antifungal rinse (caution nystatin because of added sugar)

45
Q

leukoplakia

A

a white plaque that cannot be characterized clinically or pathologically as any other disease

46
Q

will you ever see a biopsy come back as a leukoplakia

A

NO

47
Q

what other entities could be seen as an oral white plaque

A

lichen planus, moriscatio, friction keratosis

48
Q

what is the most common oral precancer

A

leukoplakia

49
Q

when you use the word leukoplakia, there is a suspicion of what

A

pre-malignant process

50
Q

lesions should show what type of dysplasia have a malignant transformation potential of 20-43%

A

serve dysplasia

51
Q

name the progression of ‘bad’ to ‘worse’

A

homogenous –> nonhomogenous –> speckled/erythroleukoplakia

52
Q

what type of incision is preferred for leukoplakia

A

scapel - laster and cautery may distort cells

53
Q

what is the rate of reoccurrence of leukoplakia after excision

A

10-35%

54
Q

should you follow up with leukoplakia?

A

YES

55
Q

what causes tobacco pouch keratosis

A

chewing tobacco
dry snuff
moist snuff

56
Q

what clincal symptoms often occur with tobacco pouch keratosis

A

gingival recession, tooth staining, and caries (due to sugar content

57
Q

geographic tongue is also known as

A

migratory stomatitis

58
Q

geographic tongue often occurs with what

A

fissured tongue

59
Q

reticular lichen planus

A

the most common type of lichen planus that has wickham striae - fine , lacelike network of white lines

60
Q

common sites of reticular lichen planus are

A

lateral tongue
dorsal tongue
gingiva
vermillion border
palate

61
Q

types of lichen planus

A

reticular
errosive

62
Q

melanotic macule

A

a flat pigmented lesion that is caused by an increased amount of melanin in the skin or mucous membranes

63
Q

LESION acronym

A

Location
Edge
Size/shape
Interal
Other structures
Number

64
Q

location

A

mandible/maxilla, anterior/posterior, local/generalized, unilateral/bilateral

65
Q

edge

A

well or ill defined
corticated
sclerotic

66
Q

size/shape

A

use other radiographic landmarks to describe size

67
Q

internal

A

radio-pacity level

68
Q

other structures

A

does the lesion resorb teeth?

69
Q

periradicular cyst

A

inflammation can stimulate epithelium at the apex of a noncavitated tooth to form a TRUE cyst

70
Q

what cannot be used to differ between periapical granuloma and periapical cyst

A

size/shape

71
Q

dentigerous cyst

A

a cyst that originates by separation of the follicle from around the crown of an unerrupted tooth

72
Q

what is the most common type of developmental odontogenic cyst

A

dentigerous cyst

73
Q

what is the most common location for a dentigerous cyst

A

impacted 3rd molars
rare in primary teeth

74
Q

what is the ‘internal’ of a dentigerous cyst look like

A

unilocular, well-defined radiolucency

75
Q

other lesions that can be pericoronal to an impacted tooth

A

hyperplastic follicle

adenamatoid odontogenic tumor

unicystic ameloblastoma

orthokeratinizing odontogenic cyst

ameloblastic fibroma

mucoepedermoid carcinoma

76
Q

what are differential for radiolucencies

A

MACHO or MACHA

77
Q

always do what to teeth first to determine an inflammatory cause

A

vitality test

78
Q

MACHO

A

M - myxoma (odontogenic)
A - Ameolblastoma
C - central giant cell granuloma
H- hemangioma (intrabony vascular malformation)
O - odontogenic keratocyst

79
Q

what helps us come up with a differential for bumps on the gums

A

the 3 Ps
pyogenic granuloma, peripheral giant cell granuloma, peripheral ossifying fibroma

80
Q

pleomorphic adenoma

A

benign salivary gland tumors

81
Q

malignant salivary gland tumors

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma
adenoid cystic carcinoma, polymorphous adenocarcinoma

82
Q

benign soft tissue tumors

A

schwannoma, neuroma, neurofibroma, fibroma, THE OMAS

83
Q

a benign papillary lesion (squamous) is known by what type of HPV

A

6 & 11

84
Q

verruca vulgaris is known by what strand of HPV

A

2

85
Q

multifocal epithelial hyperplasia is known by what strand of HPV

A

13 and 32

86
Q

what are malignant papillary lesions

A

squamous cell carcinoma
verrucous carcinoma

87
Q

what are the high risk HPV strands

A

16 and 18
oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

88
Q

traumatic ulcer

A

mechanical injury to oral mucosa caused by biting sharp foods, tooth brushing, ill-fitting dentures

89
Q

the most common location of a traumatic ulcer is

A

tongue

90
Q

apthous stomatitis

A

canker sores that occur most frequently in children and young adults

91
Q

what are the 3 forms of apthous stomatitis

A

minor, major, and herpetiform

92
Q

recurrent herpes labialis

A

aka cold sore or fever blister
most common on the vermillion border

93
Q

what can trigger recurrent herpes labialis

A

UV light, physical or mental stress, trauma, dental treatment

94
Q
A

Oral Pathology (8 decks)

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