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Fundies > Comprehensive final > Flashcards

Comprehensive final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary purpose of the State Nurse Practice Act?

A

State what a nurse can legally do/ define scope of practice

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2
Q

Who writes the Standards of Nursing Care?

A

American Nurses Association

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3
Q

What’s CMTS stand for?

A

color, movement, temp, sensation

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4
Q

Malpractice is which type of legal action?

A

unintentional tort

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5
Q

What does EMTALA ensure?

A

Patient in active labor will receive care at the facility at

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6
Q

what’s primary care?

what’s secondary care?

what’s tertiary care?

A

primary: When you are working to keep patient healthy by promoting health and illness-prevention activities, what level are you utilizing?

secondary: focuses on early diagnosis and treatment- reduce the impact of the disease and its consequences

tertiary: focuses on long-term rehabilitation, health restoration and palliative care and care of the dying, halt disease progression and restore functioning

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7
Q

What is the most typical type of healthcare coverage for those over 65?

A

Medicare

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8
Q

Which agency ensure safe, quality care is provided at long term care settings?

A

The Federal Bureau of Quality Assurance

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9
Q

What organization has quality nursing education as one of its main focuses?

A

NLN

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10
Q

Who has developed the National Patient Safety Goals?

A

The Joint Commission

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11
Q

what is the ANA’s Code of Ethics?

A

It is a formal guideline of minimum standards

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12
Q

What are the ANA Standards of Nursing Practice similar too?

A

the nursing process

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13
Q

what’s the good Samaritan act?

A

protects a health care worker if they provide first aid at an accident scene

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14
Q

What does the state board of nursing do?

A
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15
Q

Which law protects society as a whole- criminal or civil?

A
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16
Q

What are the elements of malpractice?

A
  1. Duty
  2. Breach of Duty
  3. Causation
  4. Damages
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17
Q

What is the Code of Ethics and why is it important?

A
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18
Q

Define these ethical principles:

*Autonomy-
*Nonmaleficence-
*Beneficence-
*Fidelity-
*Veracity-
*Justice-

A
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19
Q

what’s preload?

A

what’s preloaded in the ventricles, ready to head out to the body

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20
Q

what’s afterload?

A

how hard the heart has to work to over the pressure (diastole)?

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21
Q

The laws that are set by each state to regulate nursing practice that the state board of nursing oversees are the:

A

Nurse Practice Act

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22
Q

The organization that is concerned with the professionalism of nursing and has written the nursing Code of Ethics is:

A

American Nurses Association (ANA)

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23
Q

The type of law that deals with wrongs against society is ______________ law

A

criminal law

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24
Q

means: low protein level
worry about: wound healing and fluid balance

A

negative nitrogen balance

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25
Q

lipids and fats should be ___% of calories

A

30% of calories

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26
Q

omega 3 and 6 are ______ & help with what?

A

essential fatty acids

protect the heart

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27
Q

greasy foods and bakery products have _____ fat

A

trans

28
Q

solid at room temp
marbled meats is ____ fats

A

saturated

29
Q

water soluble vitamins

A

B complex vitamins and Vitamin C
*easily abosorbed and easily used
*excess is urinated out
*help with RBC’s

30
Q

fat soluble vitamins

A

*A
*D - help absorb calcium
*E - antioxidant and skin
*K - vision, helps blood clot

31
Q

sodium is a _____________

normal levels ___________

intra/extracellular?

A

*mineral

*135-145

*EXTRAcellular

32
Q

potassium is a _________

too much can cause _______

IV indications?

intra/extracellular?

normal levels?

A

*mineral

*cardiac arrest if high

*IV push - diluted and slow

*INTRAcellular

*3.5 - 5.0

33
Q

calcium is a __________

involved in ______________

normal levels ___________

A

*mineral

*blood clotting, muscle contraction (“calcium calms”)

*8.5 - 10.5

34
Q

magnesium is a ___________

helpful with _______________

normal level ______________

A

*mineral

*restless leg syndrome (relaxes muscles), enzyme activities, brain neuron activity, relaxation of respiratory muscles, metabolism of calcium, potassium, and sodium

*1.6-2.6

35
Q

phosphorous is a __________

relationship with ___________?

helpful for _________________

A

*mineral

*inverse of calcium

*building bones and teeth, catalyst for intracellular activities, muscle and nerve action

36
Q

*1 L = ____ kg

A

1 kg

37
Q

ADH does what?

A

stops body from excreting water, CONSERVES water

38
Q

RAAS does what?

A

*regulates our blood pressure and fluid volume

39
Q

chloride characteristics?

normal level?

intra/extracellular?

A

*goes with sodium

*95-105

*mostly extracellular (like sodium!)

40
Q

Carbohydrates

A

Primary energy source

45-65% calories

41
Q

signs of Hyponatremia

A

(Decreases serum osmolality)

Confusion, lethargy, headache, restless, decreased reflexes, seizures, and coma

42
Q

signs of Hypernatremia

A

(Increase serum osmolality)

Thirst, dry sticky mucus membranes with dry red tone, increased temperature, restlessness, headache, and seizures

43
Q

signs of Hypokalemia

A

Flattened T waves, muscle weakness and cramps, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, constipation, cardia dysrhythmias, feeling skipped beats

44
Q

signs of Hyperkalemia

A

Tall peaked T waves, paresthesia, muscle weakness, muscle paralysis and loss of tone, diarrhea, cardia arrest

45
Q

signs of Hypocalcemia

A

tetany, positive Chvostek’s and Trousseau’s signs, laryngeal spasm, muscle cramps, confusion, and dysrhthmias

46
Q

signs of Hypercalcemia

A

Lethargy/ decreased level of consciousness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, muscle weakness. personality changes, bizarre behavior, bradycardia, kidney stones

47
Q

signs of Hypomagnesemia

A

Hyperactive reflexes
Numbness and tingling
Irritability, mood changes, muscular weakness, muscle spasms, and NYSTAGMUS

48
Q

signs of Hypermagnesemia

A

hypotension, decreases reflexes, flushing, confusion, drowsiness, weakness

49
Q

signs of Hypophospheria

A

disorientation, changes in euro status, seizures, joint stiffness, cardiomyopathy

50
Q

signs of Hyperphospheria

A

May be asymptomatic

Muscular spasms and cramping, weakness of the bones, tetany and crystal accumulation in the circulatory system and in the body’s tissues

51
Q

A client’s albumin level is normal at 4 but the prealbumin is low at 10. What does this mean?

A

Patient had RECENT protein malnutrition

52
Q

The type of fat that can raise cholesterol levels in the body is ______________________

A

saturated

53
Q

Which thanksgiving pie is an excellent source of Vitamin A?

A

pumpkin!

54
Q

Which B complex vitamin is important for preventing neural tube defects?

A

B9

55
Q

Which of the following is the best source of Vitamin C?

Milk, wax beans, yogurt, potatoes

A

potatoes

56
Q

can Vitamin E help to prevent atherosclerosis?

A

yes

57
Q

about ____% of our supply of Vitamin K is produced by the ________

A

75%

intestines

58
Q

can you have ice cream or red jello on on a clear liquid diet?

A

ice cream: NO

red jello: yes

59
Q

what’s a low residue diet?

A
60
Q

best source of iron?

A

lean meat

61
Q

One reason the body needs fat is to _______________

A

provide fat soluble vitamins A, D, E and K

62
Q

Name two vitamins that are natural antioxidants.

A

A & C

63
Q

Minerals are needed in small quantities and so are known as ______________

A

micronutrients.

64
Q

Why is iron needed?

A

to make hemoglobin in RBC’s

65
Q

If you have liver disease or high blood pressure what mineral should you eat less of?

A

sodium

66
Q

1g of fat gives how many kilocalories of energy?

A

9 kcal

Fundies (4 decks)

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