Comprehensive Exam Flashcards
What are the types of restorative materials for teeth? (5)
-Dental amalgam
-Composite materials
-Gold restorations (gold foil)
-Gold casting (inlays, onlays, crowns)
-Ceramics (Crowns, bridges, veneers)
What might a gold restoration be used for:
Gold foil
What might gold castings be used for:
Inlays, onlays, crowns
What might ceramic material restorations be used for:
Crowns, bridges, veneers
What are concerns about dental amalgam as restorative material? (6)
- Poor esthetics compared to dental composites
- Weakening of tooth from removal of tooth structure
- Sensitivity of properties to manipulation
- Brittle nature of material
- Bicompatibility not generally considered a problem with patients
- Wastewater pollution with mercury
What are advantages of dental composite? (5)
- Aesthetics (composites are tooth colored)
- Bonding to tooth structure (strengthens tooth’s structure)
- Can be more conservative with preparation of tooth
- Less expensive than ceramic restoration
- Reduced mercury exposure for Pt & dentist
What are the disadvantages of dental composite? (7)
- Composite shrinkage (when you cure it with light)
- Secondary caries
- Durability (in some situations composite fillings may not last as long as amalgam fillings)
- Chipping (composite materials can chip off the tooth)
- More skill & training required
- Moisture intolerant (mouth needs to be completely dry)
- Time & expense (takes an average of 20 min longer per restoration & time is money)
What does bonding allow a dentist to do?
Use dental composites on teeth to change shape, color or contours
What is the oldest type of filling material available?
Gold foil/direct gold
True or False:
In some situations, gold foil can last the lifetime of the patient
True; pure gold can be placed in one visit in small cavities & will last longer than any other restorative material
What are the different types of crowns? (3)
- Cast gold
- Porcelain-fused-to-metal
- High strength ceramics
What is average cost of metal in a cast gold crown?
Average cast gold crown is $250 in todays market but can be over $300
In August of 2020, what was the cost of gold per ounce?
$1754/ounce
How long will a porceulain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown last?
95% success rate between 5-10 years in cross-sectional
97.5% success rate at 7 years (private practice)
Ultimately about 95% success rate
What are examples of tooth replacements? (4)
- Complete dentures (with implants)
- Partial dentures (with implants)
- Fixed bridges
- Single teeth (with implants)
What are advantages of high strength ceramics? (7)
- Broad range of indications
- Excellent clinical performance
- Accepted material alternative
- Less tooth reduction
- Thinner coping thickness
- Shaded coping options
- Improved aesthetics
How do you do a porcelain application?
(five steps)
- Apply dentin modifier
- Opaceous dentin & dentin
- Apply mamelons & translucent porcelain between the lobes
- Apply translucent dentin & opal enamels to the incisal area
- Finish & glaze
What are the components of lithium disilicate?
Silica= 56-80% (Quartz)
Lithium Oxide= 11-19%
What is a articulator?
A mechanical device that stimulates MANDIBULAR movements of condyles in their fossa
What are uses of the articulator?
-Diagnosis
-Treatment planning
-Communicate with patients/patient education
-Fabrication of prostheses/restorations
What are the components of an articulator?
-Upper member
-Lower member
-Anterior or incisal pin
-Condylar mechanisms
-Mounting ring (guide & retention system)
What are characteristics of non-adjustable or “hinge” articulators?
-Allow only opening & closing movements
- Can be used for single posterior restorations
- Their use can create change in the closure angle & by doing so the final restoration will present premature contacts
What will occur if the use of a non-adjustable/hinge articulator creates a change in the closure angle?
The final restoration will present premature contacts
What are characteristics of semi-adjustable articulators?
-Articulators that are used the most
-Allow opening & closing movements & Excursive (lateral) & protrusive movemets
What are the types of semi-adjustable articulators?
A) Arcon
B) Non-Arcon
Describe an Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:
-Condyles in the lower member
- Condylar indication in the upper member (more closely resembles what in the patients mouth)
Describe a Non-Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:
-Condyles in upper member
-Condylar indication in the lower member
In a semi-adjustable articulator which condylar indication placement more closely resembles whats in the patients mouth?
Condylar indication in the upper member (seen in Arcon)
Image A shows a closure angle in:
Image B shows a close angle in:
A- closure angle in an anatomically correct articulator
B- closure angle in non adjustable articulator
