Comprehensive Exam

Question 1

What are the types of restorative materials for teeth? (5)

Answer 1

-Dental amalgam
-Composite materials
-Gold restorations (gold foil)
-Gold casting (inlays, onlays, crowns)
-Ceramics (Crowns, bridges, veneers)

Question 2

What might a gold restoration be used for:

Answer 2

Gold foil

Question 3

What might gold castings be used for:

Answer 3

Inlays, onlays, crowns

Question 4

What might ceramic material restorations be used for:

Answer 4

Crowns, bridges, veneers

Question 5

What are concerns about dental amalgam as restorative material? (6)

Answer 5

1. Poor esthetics compared to dental composites
2. Weakening of tooth from removal of tooth structure
3. Sensitivity of properties to manipulation
4. Brittle nature of material
5. Bicompatibility not generally considered a problem with patients
6. Wastewater pollution with mercury

Question 6

What are advantages of dental composite? (5)

Answer 6

1. Aesthetics (composites are tooth colored)
2. Bonding to tooth structure (strengthens tooth’s structure)
3. Can be more conservative with preparation of tooth
4. Less expensive than ceramic restoration
5. Reduced mercury exposure for Pt & dentist

Question 7

What are the disadvantages of dental composite? (7)

Answer 7

1. Composite shrinkage (when you cure it with light)
2. Secondary caries
3. Durability (in some situations composite fillings may not last as long as amalgam fillings)
4. Chipping (composite materials can chip off the tooth)
5. More skill & training required
6. Moisture intolerant (mouth needs to be completely dry)
7. Time & expense (takes an average of 20 min longer per restoration & time is money)

Question 8

What does bonding allow a dentist to do?

Answer 8

Use dental composites on teeth to change shape, color or contours

Question 9

What is the oldest type of filling material available?

Answer 9

Gold foil/direct gold

Question 10

True or False:

In some situations, gold foil can last the lifetime of the patient

Answer 10

True; pure gold can be placed in one visit in small cavities & will last longer than any other restorative material

Question 11

What are the different types of crowns? (3)

Answer 11

1. Cast gold
2. Porcelain-fused-to-metal
3. High strength ceramics

Question 12

What is average cost of metal in a cast gold crown?

Answer 12

Average cast gold crown is $250 in todays market but can be over $300

Question 13

In August of 2020, what was the cost of gold per ounce?

Answer 13

$1754/ounce

Question 14

How long will a porceulain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown last?

Answer 14

95% success rate between 5-10 years in cross-sectional

97.5% success rate at 7 years (private practice)

Ultimately about 95% success rate

Question 15

What are examples of tooth replacements? (4)

Answer 15

1. Complete dentures (with implants)
2. Partial dentures (with implants)
3. Fixed bridges
4. Single teeth (with implants)

Question 16

What are advantages of high strength ceramics? (7)

Answer 16

1. Broad range of indications
2. Excellent clinical performance
3. Accepted material alternative
4. Less tooth reduction
5. Thinner coping thickness
6. Shaded coping options
7. Improved aesthetics

Question 17

How do you do a porcelain application?
(five steps)

Answer 17

1. Apply dentin modifier
2. Opaceous dentin & dentin
3. Apply mamelons & translucent porcelain between the lobes
4. Apply translucent dentin & opal enamels to the incisal area
5. Finish & glaze

Question 18

What are the components of lithium disilicate?

Answer 18

Silica= 56-80% (Quartz)
Lithium Oxide= 11-19%

Question 19

What is a articulator?

Answer 19

A mechanical device that stimulates MANDIBULAR movements of condyles in their fossa

Question 20

What are uses of the articulator?

Answer 20

-Diagnosis
-Treatment planning
-Communicate with patients/patient education
-Fabrication of prostheses/restorations

Question 21

What are the components of an articulator?

Answer 21

-Upper member
-Lower member
-Anterior or incisal pin
-Condylar mechanisms
-Mounting ring (guide & retention system)

Question 22

What are characteristics of non-adjustable or “hinge” articulators?

Answer 22

-Allow only opening & closing movements
- Can be used for single posterior restorations
- Their use can create change in the closure angle & by doing so the final restoration will present premature contacts

Question 23

What will occur if the use of a non-adjustable/hinge articulator creates a change in the closure angle?

Answer 23

The final restoration will present premature contacts

Question 24

What are characteristics of semi-adjustable articulators?

Answer 24

-Articulators that are used the most
-Allow opening & closing movements & Excursive (lateral) & protrusive movemets

Question 25

What are the types of semi-adjustable articulators?

Answer 25

A) Arcon
B) Non-Arcon

Question 26

Describe an Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:

Answer 26

-Condyles in the lower member
- Condylar indication in the upper member (more closely resembles what in the patients mouth)

Question 27

Describe a Non-Arcon semi-adjustable articulator:

Answer 27

-Condyles in upper member
-Condylar indication in the lower member

Question 28

In a semi-adjustable articulator which condylar indication placement more closely resembles whats in the patients mouth?

Answer 28

Condylar indication in the upper member (seen in Arcon)

Question 29

Image A shows a closure angle in:

Image B shows a close angle in:

Answer 29

A- closure angle in an anatomically correct articulator
B- closure angle in non adjustable articulator