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COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PASSED ON MAY 2024 !!! > Compre CC Flashcards > Flashcards

Compre CC Flashcards

1
Q

Interfere with metabolic processes, when ingested, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. (Example: cyanide, sulfides)

A

Toxic substances

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2
Q

Capable of causing of cancer. (Example: benzidine, formaldehyde)

A

Carcinogens

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3
Q

Induce genetic mutations

A

Mutagens

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4
Q

Cause defect in embryo.

A

Teratogens

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5
Q

Causes fire.
Example: (acetone, xylene, alcohols, ether)

A

Ignitables

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6
Q

May cause explosion. Mixture of oxidizing agents and reducing agents generate heat and explode.
(Ex. Ether, perchloric acid, picric acid, sodium azide)

A

Reactives

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7
Q

Have ground, polarity an leakage checks and other periodic preventive maintenance performed on outlets and equipments.

A

Electrical

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8
Q

Danger of fire, explosion, asphyxiation, or mechanical injuries.

A

Compressed gases

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9
Q

Danger of fire, explosion, asphyxiation, pressure build-up, embrittlement of materials and tissue damage like thermal burns.

A

Cryogenic material

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10
Q

Refers to equipments such as centrifuge, autoclaves and homogenizers, laboratory glasswares, glass pipes.

A

Mechanicals

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11
Q

Refers to the effect of repeated manipulation of instruments, containers, equipments for repetitive stains such as tenpsynovitis, bursitis, and ganglion cyst

A

Ergonomic

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12
Q

Sterilizing only the air to be exhausted.
They have negative pressure.
Air is ventilated to the outside and operated with an open front.

A

Class I

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13
Q

Sterilizes air the flows over the infectious material as well as air to be exhausted.
Also known as vertical laminar flow type.

A

Class II

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14
Q

It is self contained and it has 70% air recirculated.

A

Class IIA

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15
Q

Exhaust the air is discharged outside the building.
It is selected if radioisotopes, toxic chemicals, or carcinogens will be used.

A

Class II B

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16
Q

Completely enclosed and have negative pressure.
It affords the most protection to the worker.
The air is coming in and out of the cabinet is filter sterilized.
Infectious material within is handled with rubber gloves that are attached and sealed to the cabinet.

A

Class III

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17
Q

Visible destruction of human tissue on contact.
Can cause injury on inhalation or contact.
Example: GAA, HCL, H2SO4, HNO3, NAOH

A

Corrosives

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18
Q

NFPA?

A

National Fire Protection Association

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19
Q

Ordinary combustibles: paper, cloth, wood, plastic, rubbish.
Fire extinguisher: Pressurize water, Dry chem basically, steam

A

Class A

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20
Q

Flammable liquids (inorganic chemicals), gasolines, paints
Fire extinguisher: dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, foam, halon

A

Class B

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21
Q

Electrical equipment and motor switches
Fire extinguisher: dry chemicals, carbon dioxide, halon - preferred

A

Class C

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22
Q

Combustible metals: mercury, magnesium, sodium, lithium
Fire extinguisher: metal x, sand or dry powder, dry chemical

A

Class D

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23
Q

Detonation (Arsenal fire)
Fire extinguisher: allowed to burn out, protecting surrounding area

A

Class E

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24
Q

Grease, oil, fats
Fire Extinguisher: liquid designed to prevent splashing and cool the fire.

A

Class K

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25
Q

Best type of all-purpose fire extinguisher

A

CO2 foam

26
Q

Blue diamond

A

Health

27
Q

Red diamond

A

Flammability

28
Q

Yellow diamond

A

Instability

29
Q

White diamond

A

Special hazards

30
Q

All laboratory processes, policies, procedures, and resources needed to achieve quality testing.

A

Quality system

31
Q

Process by which laboratory ensures the quality results by monitoring pre analytical, analytical, post analytical stages of testing.

A

Quality assessment/assurance

32
Q

Part of analytical phase of QA
Process of monitoring results from samples to verify accuracy of patient results.

A

Quality control

33
Q

Concerned with total quality management (TQM), quality assessment, or continuous quality improvement each of which is designed to monitor and improve the quality.

A

Internal Monitoring Programs

34
Q

Are structured frameworks for ensuring the consistency in the quality of products and services to meet user or costumer needs.

A

Quality management system (QMS)

35
Q

Characteristics of good quality control: CRILNN

A

Concentration of analytes reflects to the clinical range
Resembles to the human sample
Inexpensive and stable for long period of time
Long-term stability
No communicable diseases
No matrix effects

36
Q

What are the possible solutions for QC problems? 4RPC

A

Retest the control again after mixing
Repeat the control using a new vial or lot number
Recalibrate the assay
Replace the reagents
Perform the necessary maintenance
Consult the troubleshooting guide, supervisor or service representative

37
Q

The most commonly used
Often called as average

A

Mean

38
Q

The middle point of the data
Often used with skewed data

A

Median

39
Q

This is rarely used and more often used to describe data that seem to have two centers (bimodal)

A

Mode

40
Q

Largest value in the data minus the smallest value

A

Range

41
Q

Average distance of values away from the mean

A

Standard of Deviation

42
Q

Standard deviation of the data set is divided by the mean

A

Coefficient of variance

43
Q

Average distance of squared values away from the mean

A

Variance

44
Q

Shows the distribution of values by plotting the assay values obtained in the x-axis and the number of times each value was seen in the y-axis.
Spread of data in which elements are distributed symmetrically around the mean with most values close to the center.

A

Gaussian distribution

45
Q

Refers to the sharp rise to the cluster of values at peak of the curve and then the gradual tailing off to the higher values in the population.

A

Non-Gaussian distribution

46
Q

Statistical test that makes no assumption about the distribution of data. Non-parametric methods rank the reference data in order of increasing size.
This is also the recommended analysis for the most reference range intervals.
Ex: Mann-Whitney test, Wilcoxon-Signed rank test, Krystal-Wallis test, Friedman test, Chi-square test, Spearman Rank of order correlation

A

Non parametric method

47
Q

Statistical test that assumes the observed values, or some mathematical transformation of those values, follow (normal) Gaussian distribution.
Ex: T-test, F-test, ANOVA, Correlation, Linear Regression

A

Parametric methods

48
Q

This most widely used chart in the clinical laboratory.
A graphic presentation of all acceptable limits of variation in the results of an analytical method

A

Shewhart/Levey-Jennings chart

49
Q

Easily identifies random and systematic errors.
A graph that can be done without using a computer.

A

Shewhart/Levey-Jennings chart

50
Q

Control the values that either increase or decrease for six consecutive days.

A

Trend

51
Q

Control the values that distribute themselves on one side of the mean for six consecutive days.

A

Shift

52
Q

Control the values that are far from the main set of values.

A

Outliers

53
Q

Lines that drawn from the means of both levels across the graph dividing it into four equal quadrants.
Graphical method to analyze inter-laboratory data, where all laboratories have analyzed two samples.
The plot visualizes within the laboratory variability as well as between laboratory variability

A

Tonks-Youden/Twin plot

54
Q

Calculates the algebraic difference between the QC and the target means
Common method is V-mask
Very sensitive to small persistent errors that commonly occur in the modern, low calibration-frequency analyzer

A

Cumulative Sum (CUSUM) graph

55
Q

1 control value outside/exceeds +-2SD from the mean

A

12s

56
Q

1 control value the outside/exceeds +-3SD from the mean.

A

13s

57
Q

2 consecutive control values outside/exceed the same limit or +-2SD from the mean on the same side.

A

22s

58
Q

2 consecutive control values differ by >4SD or the numerical difference between 2 control values within the same run exceeds 4SD

A

R4s

59
Q

4 consecutive control values outside/exceed the same limit or +-1SD from the mean on the same side

A

41s

60
Q

10 consecutive control on the same side of the mean

A

10x

61
Q

Test that are very simple or pose no reasonable risk of harm to the patient if the test is performed incorrectly

Performed indicators: accuracy, precision, and portable range

A

Waived tests

62
Q

Complex tests that require skill to perform and interpret and are therefore regulated.

Performance indicators: accuracy, precision, analytical sensitivity and specificity, reportable range

A

Non-waived tests

COMPREHENSIVE EXAM PASSED ON MAY 2024 !!! (3 decks)

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