Compounds Formulae and Equations 2.1.2 Flashcards
What is the overall charge of an atom
0
What is an ion
An atom (or group of covalently bonded atoms) has either a positive or negative charge, where number of electrons is different to number of protons, because electrons have been lost or gained
What is a molecule
2 or more (non-metal) atoms covalently bonded (not ionically bonded) with no overall charge
What is an element
A substance containing only one type of atom with the same number of protons in the nucleus
What is a compound
Contains 2 or more types of elements chemically combined in a fixed proportion
What is the charge on a proton
+1
What is the charge on a neutron
0
What is the charge on an electron
-1
How is a negative ion formed
An atom (or group of covalently bonded atoms) gains electrons
How is a positive ion formed
An atom (or group of covalently bonded atoms) loses electrons
What is an ionic bond
Ions held together by the electrostatic force of attraction between positive and negative ions
What charge is usually on a metal ion
Positive
What charge is usually on a non-metal ion
Negative
What ending do you use on the name of a non metal ion which contains only one element
-ide
What are the formula of the 7 key ions :ammonium ,silver, zinc, nitrate, sulfate, carbonate, hydroxide
Ammonium= NH4 plus
Silver=Ag plus
Zinc=Zn 2 plus
Nitrate=NO3 minus
Sulphate=SO4 2 minus
Carbonate=CO3 2 minus
Hydroxide= OH minus
what are the formula of these molecules: ammonia, methane, chlorine, bromine, hydrogen
Ammonia=NH3
Methane= CH4
Chlorine=Cl2
Bromine= Br2
Hydrogen=H2
what is a covalent bond
Strong electrostatic force of attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the two bonded atoms
What type of bonding is usually between a metal and a non-metal
Ionic bonding
What type of bonding occurs between 2 non-metals
Covalent bonding
What is an atom
The smallest particle of an element that gives it its chemical properties. It contains a nucleus with protons (1+ charge) and neutrons ( 0 charge) surrounded by shells of electrons with a 1- charge
What is a group on the periodic table and what does it tell us
A vertical column in the periodic table, all the elements in the same group have the same number of outer shell electrons in an atom
What is an atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
What is the mass number
The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
What is a cation
A positively charged ion with fewer electrons than protons (as it has lost electrons to another species)