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A Level Chemistry > Acids and Bases 2.1.4 > Flashcards

Acids and Bases 2.1.4 Flashcards

1
Q

7 Properties of Acidic solutions:

A

-turns litmus paper red
-pH is less than 7
-Contains H+
-neutralizes some alkalis or bases
-reacts with some metals
-turns universal indicator red
-reacts with carbonate to give C02 gas

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2
Q

Formula for Hydrochloric Acid=

A

HCl

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3
Q

Formula for Nitric Acid=

A

HNO3

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4
Q

Formula for Sulphuric Acid=

A

H2SO4

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5
Q

Formula for Ethanoic Acid=

A

CH3COOH

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6
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, Define Acid

A
  • An acid is a proton (H+) donor
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7
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, Define base

A
  • A base is a proton (H+) acceptor
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8
Q

A base is a compound that

A

Neutralizes the acid to form a salt

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9
Q

Using the Bronsted Lowry definition, define Alkali

A

A type of base that dissolves in water forming hydroxide ions (OH-) ions

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10
Q

What do acids do in aqueous solution

A

Acids release H+ ions in aqueous solution

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11
Q

What is a strong acid

A

Fully dissociates in solution to produce H+ ions

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12
Q

What is a weak acid

A

-Weak acids are in equilibrium; they only partially dissociate in solution to produce H+ ions

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13
Q

Give an example of a weak acid

A

Carboxylic acids

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14
Q

What are examples of bases

A

Examples of Bases are metal oxides and metal hydroxides

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15
Q

How do metal oxides and metal hydroxides become alkalis

A

if these become soluble then they are known as alkalis

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16
Q

Define alkali

A

An alkali is a type of base that dissolves in water forming OH- ions

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17
Q

What is a strong base or alkali since its dissolved in aqueous solution

A

Strong alkalis completely dissociate in solution to produce OH- ions

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18
Q

What is a weak base or alkali since it does dissolve in solution

A

Weak alkalis are in equilibrium; they partially dissociate in water to produce OH- ions

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19
Q

Give an example of a weak alkali

A

Aqueous ammonia, amines

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20
Q

Give an example of a weak base

A

Aqueous ammonia, amines

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21
Q

Name the common alkalis

A

Sodium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide
Aqueous Ammonia
Hydroxide

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22
Q

What are the formulas of the common alkalis

A

Sodium hydroxide= NaOH
Potassium hydroxide= KOH
Aqueous Ammonia= NH3
Hydroxide= OH-

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23
Q

Name some common bases

A

Calcium Oxide
Copper Oxide
Magnesium Oxide

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24
Q

What are the names and formulas of the common bases

A

Calcium Oxide = CaO
Copper Oxide = CuO
Magnesium Oxide = MgO

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25
Q

What are common bases known as

A

Metal oxides

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26
Q

What are common Alkalis also known as

A

Metal hydroxides

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27
Q

Acid+ ammonia= what

A

Acid+ ammonia–>Ammonium salt

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28
Q

What is a neutralization reaction

A

Neutralization reactions involves the transfer of a proton- the acid donates a proton and the base accepts a proton

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29
Q

Give an example of a neutralization reaction

A

H+ + OH- = H20

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30
Q

How is a salt formed

A

A salt is formed when a metal ion or an ammonium ion replaces the H+ in an acid

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31
Q

What is a salt

A

The product of a reaction in which the H+ ions from the acid are replaced by metal or ammonium ions (ionic compounds)

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32
Q

HCl + NaOH—-> H2O + NaCl
is an example of what type of reaction

A

Acid+ base/alkali—-> Salt+ Water

33
Q

Acid+ metal= ?

A

Acid+ metal—>Salt+ hydrogen

34
Q

Acid+ metal oxide = ?

A

Acid+ metal oxide–> Salt+ water

35
Q

Acid+ metal hydroxide = ?

A

Acid+ metal hydroxide—> Salt+ water

36
Q

Acid+ metal carbonate= ?

A

Acid+ metal carbonate—-> Salt+ water+ Carbon dioxide

37
Q

Hydrochloric Acid= ?

A

Hydrochloric Acid= Chloride

38
Q

Sulphuric Acid= ?

A

Sulphuric Acid= Sulphate

39
Q

Nitric acid= ?

A

Nitric acid= Nitrate

40
Q

Ethanoic Acid= ?

A

Ethanoic Acid= Ethanoate

41
Q

What is ethanoic acid also known as

42
Q

Give examples of common bases
metal oxides

43
Q

Give examples of common bases
metal carbonates

A

Na2CO3
CaCO3
CuCO3

44
Q

Give examples of common bases
that dissolve in water to produce OH- ions (Alkalis)

A

NaOH
KOH
NH3

45
Q

What is the formula for sodium chloride

46
Q

What is the formula for sodium sulphate

47
Q

What is the formula for Calcium Nitrate

48
Q

What s the formula for Ammonium ethanoate

49
Q

Sulphuric acid is a strong acid but this is only true for…

A

one of the two hydrogen atoms.

50
Q

What happens to the H2SO4 molecule when mixed with water

A

It dissociates releasing just one of its two hydrogen atoms as an H+ ion

51
Q

Do Summary Questions 1 a, 1b, 2a and 2b in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook

A

Page 42, answers are at the back on page 274

52
Q

Do Summary Questions 3 in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook

A

Questions= Page 42
Answers are at the back on page 274

53
Q

Do Summary Questions 4 in Kerboodle Year 1 AS textbook

A

Questions= Page 42
Answers are at the back on page 274

54
Q

Acid+ Carbonate—> Salt+ Water+ Carbon dioxide
What observations would be made in this reaction

A

Observations: In Carbonate reactions there will be Effervescence due to the CO2 gas evolved and the solid carbonate will dissolve

55
Q

Give an example of an inorganic common acid

A

HCl
H2SO4
HNO3

56
Q

Give an example of an organic common acid

A

Carboxylic acid (ethanoic acid)
Phenol (reacts as an acid in some reactions)

57
Q

Give an example of inorganic common bases

A

metal oxide, metal hydroxide, metal carbonate, ammonia

58
Q

Give examples of organic common bases

A

amines (ethylamine)

59
Q

acid + ammonia——>

A

Ammonium Salt

60
Q

Acid + Amine —–>

61
Q

What is a displacement reaction

A

A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from an aqueous solution of its ions

62
Q

Write a displacement reaction for:

Metal+ acid—-> salt + hydrogen
( reactive metal must be above hydrogen in reactivity series)

Use Hydrochloric acid and Zinc as an example

A

2 HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

63
Q

For a displacement reaction to occur the metal must be above what in the reactivity series

A

For a displacement reaction to occur the metal must be above Hydrogen in the reactivity series

64
Q

Write a displacement reaction for:

Metal+ salt—-> salt + metal
( reacting metal must be above metal ion in reacting salt in reactivity series)

65
Q

For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting metal must be above the metal ion in reacting salt in reactivity series

True or False

66
Q

For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting halogen must be what

A

For a displacement reaction to occur the reacting halogen must be more reactive than the halide ion in the reacting metal halide

67
Q

Write a displacement reaction for:

Halogen+ metal halide—-> metal halide + halogen
( reacting halogen must be more reactive than the halide ion in the reacting metal halide)

68
Q

Write a displacement reaction for:

Salt+ salt —-> salt+ salt
( the metals in 2 salts exchange places)

69
Q

What is a precipitation reaction

A

The formation of a solid from a solution during a chemical reaction

70
Q

Precipitates are often formed when

A

two aqueous solutions are mixed together

71
Q

The precipitate is soluble in water

True or False

A

False

The precipitate is insoluble in water

72
Q

Do the time trial Challenge sheet on Balancing equations in 15 minutes

A

should be in chem folder with the rest of the sheets

73
Q

Do Task 1 in 2.1.4 Acids and Bases Booklet

74
Q

Do Task 5 in 2.1.4 Acids and Bases Booklet

75
Q

Make flashcards on Practical: Acids, Bases, Alkalis and Neutralization in Booklet

A

Should be at the back of the booklet

76
Q

Scan first QR code on the first page of Acids and Bases Booklet

A

Watch the MaChemGuy video

77
Q

Scan the second QR code on the first or front page and follow seneca link

A

Complete whatever task it asks

78
Q

Scan the third QR code on Front page and complete quizlet link

A

Should be straight forward

A Level Chemistry (14 decks)

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