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Molecules to Medicine III > Composition of Cells > Flashcards

Composition of Cells Flashcards

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Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the typical volume of plasma?

A

3L

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2
Q

What is the typical volume of extracellular fluid?

A

13L + 5L for “third space”

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3
Q

What is the typical volume of intracellular fluid?

A

27L

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4
Q

What is the ICF [Na+]?

A

14mM

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5
Q

What is the ECF [Na+]?

A

140mM

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6
Q

What is the ICF [K+]?

A

145mM

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7
Q

What is the ECF [K+]?

A

5mM

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8
Q

What is the ICF [Cl-]?

A

5mM

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9
Q

What is the ECF [Cl-]?

A

145mM

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10
Q

What is the ICF [A-n]? (big anions)

A

126mM

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11
Q

What is the ECF [A-n]? (big anions)

A

~0mM

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12
Q

What is the ICF [H2O]?

A

55,000mM

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13
Q

What is the ECF [H2O]?

A

55,000mM

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14
Q

Is the membrane permeable to Na+?

A

functionally impermeable

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15
Q

Is the membrane permeable to K+?

A

yes

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16
Q

Is the membrane permeable to Cl-?

A

yes

17
Q

Is the membrane permeable to A-n (big anions)?

A

no

18
Q

Is the membrane permeable to H2O?

A

yes

19
Q

What 2 important properties of plasma membranes is conveyed by lipids?

A
  1. impermeable to charged substances (including molecules with dipoles)
  2. Can maintain separation between opposite charges without collapsing. (allows for creation of membrane potential)
20
Q

What are 2 important properties of channels?

A
  1. Most are selective for specific ions

2. Some contain gates - substances can only pass through when the gate is open

21
Q

What physical forces can determine the gating properties of ion channels?

A

Electric field (voltage gated)
mechanical (hair cells in cochlea, touch receptors)
chemical (neurotransmitter synapse)
temperature (cutaneous thermal receptors)

22
Q

What are water channels called?

A

aquaporins (contain no gate)

23
Q

What types of molecules pass through channels?

A

H2O

Ions: Na+, K+, Cl-, Ca2+

24
Q

How is primary transport different from secondary transport?

A

Primary depends on energy released directly by metabolism (often ATP)
Secondary depends on other sources (i.e. E releases when Na+ leaks into cells through channels)

25
Q

How are transporters different from channels?

A

require E
Slower (max of several hundred cycles per sec)
transport ions and smaller ions

26
Q

What types of molecules are transported by transporters?

A

glucose (large molecules)

Ions (Na+)

Molecules to Medicine III (28 decks)

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