COMPOSITION OF BODILY FLUIDS Flashcards
WHAT IS OSMOSIS?
-passive movement of solvent molecules across a semi permeable membrane
-only water molecules move from a region of low osmotic pressure to a region of high osmotic pressure
WHAT ARE WATER SOLUBLE SUBSTANCES?
-polar
-hydrophilic
-lipophobic
WHAT ARE WATER INSOLUBLE SUBSTANCES?
-nonpolar
-hydrophobic
-lipophilic
WHAT IS A BIOLOGICAL HYDROPHOBIC SUBSTANCE?
-TAG - triacylglcyerol
ARE MONOSACCHARDIES WATER SOLUBLE?
-yes due to many OH- groups
WHAT IS A BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCE WITH AMPHOTERIC PROPERTIES?
-phospholipids
-soaps
-detergents
WHAT ARE THE MAIN CATIONS AND ANIONS IN INTRACELLULAR FLUID?
-CATION: K+ = 140mM (smaller hydration shell than Na), Na+ = 12mM, Ca2- = very little
-ANION: Cl- = 3mM, HCO3- = 10mM
(proteins as too big to leave)
WHAT ARE THE MAIN CATIONS AND ANIONS IN EXTRACELLULAR FLUID?
-CATION: Na+ = 140mM, K+ = 4.5mM, Ca2- = 2.5mM
-ANION: Cl- = 100mM, HCO3- = 24 mM
WHAT ARE BUFFERS?
-solution that can resist pH changes
-mixture of a weak acid and a conjugate salt whereby the weak acid can release a proton
-most important protein buffer is haemoglobin accounting for 30% buffer of blood
-phosphate buffer
H2PO4- + H2O <-> HPO42- + H3O+ , buffers intracellularly in urine and plasma
-bicarbonate buffer
H2CO3 + H2O <-> HCO3- + H3O+ , buffers in blood plasma
-when pH = pKa the buffer works the best
WHAT IS THE DISSOCIATION OF PHOSPHORIC ACID?
WHAT IS EXTRACELLULAR FLUID SUBDIVIDED INTO?
-intravascular fluid in the blood vessels
-extravascular fluid outside of the blood vessels
-interstitial fluid between them both
WHAT IS THE EQUILIBRIUM POTENTIAL OF POTASSIUM?
-90mV
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR OSMOLARITY?
osmolarity = molarity X number of dissociated particle
molarity = osmolarity / number of dissociated particle
WHAT PERCENTAGE OF NACL CAN BE FOUND IN THE BODY?
0.9% saline solution
-isotonic with blood plasma
T/F: THE LOWER THE CONCENTRATION OF HYDROXONIUM IONS IN AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION THE HIGHER THE PH
true
