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Phase 1 Week 3 - blood > Composition of blood > Flashcards

Composition of blood Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 5 white blood cells

A

Neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocyte, basophils and eosinophils

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2
Q

Where are platelets made?

A

Bone marrow

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3
Q

What are the function of platelets? What stimulates this?

A

Start platelet plug formation by agonists ADP and thromboxane stimulation

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4
Q

What is plasma?

A

The liquid component of blood

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5
Q

What are the 3 types of plasma protein?

A

Albumin, globulin and fibrinogen

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6
Q

What is the function of fibrinogen

A

Plays a part in blood clotting

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7
Q

What is the function of globulin

A

Regulates cholestral

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8
Q

What is the function of albumin

A

Helps with transport - binds to substances and dissolves it into the blood

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9
Q

Name the 3 main functions of blood

A

Regulation, protection and transport

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10
Q

What is the function of red blood cells

A

To transport o2 around the body and export co2 from the body

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11
Q

What is the lifespan of red blood cells

A

120 days

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12
Q

How many red blood cells are made a second

A

2.3 million

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13
Q

Describe 2 structural features of red blood cells

A

Biconcave disc shape increase surface area for oxygen uptake. No nuclei for oxygen uptake

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14
Q

What regulates haemopoesis?

A

growth factors

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15
Q

How does blood get made before birth?

A

Haemopoetic stem cells in the mesoderm form blood. RBC, WBC, and platelets are formed in the embryonic yolk sac. After 8 weeks, the liver becomes the main site of blood production

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16
Q

What stimulates haemopoesis?

A

Erthyropotein

17
Q

Describe the process of haemopoesis

A

Involves the self renewal and differentiation of stem cells, long term and short term haemopoetic stem cells. These stem cells then differentiate into many different components of blood

18
Q

After birth, where does haemopoesis occur?

A

Bone marrow

19
Q

What type of bone marrow is found in adults?

A

Red

20
Q

Where is bone marrow found in adults?

A

Vertebrae, pelvis and spleen

21
Q

What are the advantages of haemopoesis?

A

LIttle differentiation is required therefore it reduces the risk of mutation. Allows for a massive expansion of cell numbers, and the production of each cell type is controlled individually

22
Q

In haemopoesis, what to stem cells differentiate into?

A

projenitors

23
Q

In haempoesis, what do projenitors differentiate into?

A

mature cells

Phase 1 Week 3 - blood (4 decks)

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