Composition of blood Flashcards
Name the 5 white blood cells
Neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocyte, basophils and eosinophils
Where are platelets made?
Bone marrow
What are the function of platelets? What stimulates this?
Start platelet plug formation by agonists ADP and thromboxane stimulation
What is plasma?
The liquid component of blood
What are the 3 types of plasma protein?
Albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
What is the function of fibrinogen
Plays a part in blood clotting
What is the function of globulin
Regulates cholestral
What is the function of albumin
Helps with transport - binds to substances and dissolves it into the blood
Name the 3 main functions of blood
Regulation, protection and transport
What is the function of red blood cells
To transport o2 around the body and export co2 from the body
What is the lifespan of red blood cells
120 days
How many red blood cells are made a second
2.3 million
Describe 2 structural features of red blood cells
Biconcave disc shape increase surface area for oxygen uptake. No nuclei for oxygen uptake
What regulates haemopoesis?
growth factors
How does blood get made before birth?
Haemopoetic stem cells in the mesoderm form blood. RBC, WBC, and platelets are formed in the embryonic yolk sac. After 8 weeks, the liver becomes the main site of blood production
What stimulates haemopoesis?
Erthyropotein
Describe the process of haemopoesis
Involves the self renewal and differentiation of stem cells, long term and short term haemopoetic stem cells. These stem cells then differentiate into many different components of blood
After birth, where does haemopoesis occur?
Bone marrow
What type of bone marrow is found in adults?
Red
Where is bone marrow found in adults?
Vertebrae, pelvis and spleen
What are the advantages of haemopoesis?
LIttle differentiation is required therefore it reduces the risk of mutation. Allows for a massive expansion of cell numbers, and the production of each cell type is controlled individually
In haemopoesis, what to stem cells differentiate into?
projenitors
In haempoesis, what do projenitors differentiate into?
mature cells