Component 1 - Human Resources Flashcards
Explain : 3 Functions of the Hr department
1 )Recruitment and selection
2) Employee relations
3) Employee retention - minimize employee turnover
Explain : What is meant by a zero hour contract
Zero hours - Working arrangement that does not guarantee employees a set number of working hours. Instead, employees are only paid for the hours that they actually work.
Explain : Impact of new technology on working practices - Automation,
Automation - New tech like (AI) can automate tasks previously done by humans, which can increase efficiency and productivity, but also can lead to job displacement.
Explain : Impact of new technology on working practices - Remote Working
Remote working - Video Meetings and cloud computing have made it possible for employees to work remotely. This can increase flexibility and reduce the need for physical office space, but also it can lead to isolation and lack of motivation among employees.
Explain : Impact of new technology on working practices - Better data analysis
Increased data analysis: Big data analytics and machine learning can help companies to analyse large amounts of data and make better business decisions.
Explain : Workforce planning + The 4 steps involved
Workforce planning is the process of forecasting the company’s future workforce needs and developing strategies to meet those needs.
steps involved
1)Assessing current + future workforce needs
2)Identifying gaps
3)Developing strategies
4)Implementing and monitoring
Explain : Recruitment process + The Five steps involved
The recruitment process refers to the steps that a company goes through to identify and attract qualified candidates for open positions
steps
1) Job analysis and design - Determining required Skills and Qualifications according to Job responsibilities
2) Advertising - Advertising the opening
3) Sourcing and screening - Identifying suitable candidates through resumes ETC.
4) Shortlisting - Selecting the most suitable candidates for further evaluation
5) Onboarding - Final step, Completing paper work and orientating the employee
Explain : Internal and External recruitment
Internal
- This is filling a vacancy from within the organisation, It can be cheaper and quicker than external recruitment as well as providing employee motivation.
External
- This is filling a vacancy from outside the organisation, This can bring new ideas and perspectives into an organisation.
Explain : Job analysis, job description and person specification
Job analysis, Job description and person specification are used as tools HR. They are used to identify the skills and qualifications required for specific roles within an organization, and also used to manage the recruitment and selection process of potential employees.
Explain : What is training and how can it benefit a business + employees
Training is the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and abilities that are necessary to perform a specific job or task.
1) Increase their productivity and efficiency
2) Improve their performance and job satisfaction
3) Develop their potential for career advancement
Explain : The different methods of training including
induction, on the-job, off-the-job and apprenticeships
Induction - To introduce a new employee to the workplace and company systems
On the job - mentoring, coaching, and shadowing experienced employees
Off the job - classroom-style instruction, workshops, and seminars.
apprenticeships - Apprentices work alongside experienced employees and are trained in a specific trade or skill.
Explain : What is meant by appraisal
Appraisal - The process of evaluating an employee’s job performance with the goal of identifying areas for improvement and encouraging career development.
Explain : Different methods of appraisal including
superior’s assessment, peer assessment, self-assessment
and 360 degree feedback
superior assessment - Provided by a superior, evaluates employees performance.
peer assessment - provided by a colleague, shows how employees work with others.
self assessment - Done by self, Identifies there own room for improvement
360 degree feedback - combination of all the above, Provides a comprehensive overview of performance.
Explain : How appraisal can benefit both the business and its employees
Benefits
1 - Eliminate weaknesses,
2 - Increases workforce motivation
3 - increase productivity and efficiency
Explain : what is Workforce performance?
workforce performance is the overall productivity and effectiveness of an organization’s workforce in achieving its goals and objectives.
Explain : Labour productivity, absenteeism and labour turnover
Labour productivity -The amount of output produced by a workforce in a specific period of time.
Absenteeism - The number of days an employee is absent from work, for any reason, during a specific period of time.
Labour turnover - The rate at which employees leave an organization
Explain : Calculate and interpret labour productivity and labour turnover
Labour productivity = Total output/Num of employees
Labour turnover = (Num of employees who left/Average Num of employees)
Explain : A matrix structure of a Business
Matrix structure - This approach combines elements of both functional and divisional structures, creating a matrix of functional and product-based teams.
Explain : Divisional Structure
2) Divisional structure -Organised into different divisions or product lines, each with its own management and staff.
Explain : Functional Structure
Functional structure: Organised in departments based on the functions they perform, such as marketing, finance, and production.
Explain : What is meant the following types of organisational design?
- Flat
The structure, layout, and arrangement of an organisation
Types
1) Functional structure: Organised in departments based on the functions they perform, such as marketing, finance, and production.
4) Flat structure - This approach has fewer management layers, and it aims to minimize bureaucracy, increase communication and decision-making.
Explain : what is meant by authority and responsibility ?
Authority - The Power to make decisions within an organisation.
Responsibility - The obligation to perform a specific function within an organisation.
Explain : What is meant by the Chain of command, span of control?
Chain of command - The line of authority within an organisation, from the highest level of management, to the lowest level of employees.
Span of control - The number of subordinates that a manager is responsible for managing.
Explain : What is meant by the term delegation?
Delegation is the process of assigning responsibility and authority to subordinates.
Explain : What is meant by hierarchy ?
Hierarchy - The levels of authority and responsibility within an organization
Explain : What is centralisation and
decentralisation?
Centralisation - Decision making /authority concentrated to the top levels of management.
Decentralisation - Decision making/ authority spread across the organisation.
Explain : What is empowerment ?
Empowerment - giving employees the authority to make decisions and take actions.
Explain : What is delayering ?
Delayering - Reducing the number of management levels within an organisation to increase efficiency and effectiveness.
Explain : Characteristics of a tall and matrix organisational structures.
Tall structure - clear chain of command, a rigid division of labour and a centralized decision-making process. It has a high number of management levels,
Matrix structure - assigns specialists from different functional departments to work on one or more projects,
Explain : advantages and disadvantages of
changing organisational structures and delayering
Advantages
1) Reduces bureaucracy, speeds up decision making
2) More motivated employees
Disadvantages
Evaluate : The impact of changes in working patterns on employees
+ businesses
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Evaluate : The impact and importance to a business of having the correct
numbers of employees with appropriate skills and experience
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Evaluate : Appropriate methods of selecting different types of
employee for different types of job including
interviews, work trials, testing, selection exercises
and telephone interviews
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Evaluate : The importance of recruitment
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Evaluate : The importance and impact of Training
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Evaluate : The importance and impact of appraisal for a business
and its stakeholders
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Evaluate : The importance and impact of appraisal
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Evaluate : The importance and impact of workforce performance
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Evaluate : The choice between empowerment and control of the workforce
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Evaluate : appropriateness of different organisational structures
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Explain : Divisional Structure
2) Divisional structure -Organised into different divisions or product lines, each with its own management and staff.
Explain : Divisional Structure
2) Divisional structure -Organised into different divisions or product lines, each with its own management and staff.
Explain : Divisional Structure
2) Divisional structure -Organised into different divisions or product lines, each with its own management and staff.
