Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBOD week 11 > Complex Lipids II > Flashcards

Complex Lipids II Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 classes of glycerolipids?

A
  • Triacylglycerols (TAGs) - 3 FA
  • Glycerophospholipids - 2FA and Headgroup
  • Ether Glycerolipids - 1 FA, 1 Ether, Headgroup
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the major store of lipids in the body?

A

TAG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What glycerolipids are involved in signal transduction?

A
  • DAG (diacylglycerol)

- Arachondonic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and glycerolipids can be found where in the cell?

A

Often found in the outer leaflet of the membrane, associated with cell-cell recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Phosphatidylserine, Phosphatidylethanolamine, Phosphatidylinositol can call be found where?

A

Often found in the inner leaflet of the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cleavage of Phosphatidylinositol by phospholipase A1 would result in what products?

A
  • Saturated Fatty acid

- glycerol backbone with unsaturated fatty acid with a 1-phosphoinositol head group left

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the position of the ether in ether glycerolipids?

A

1 position on the glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are two types of ether glycerolipids?

A
  • Plasmalogen

- PAF (Platelet activating factor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where can Plasmogens be found?

A
  • Mitochondrial Lipids
  • Myelin
  • Muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is PAF?

- What does it do?

A
  • Platelet Activating Factor, released from phagocytic blood cells in response to stimuli

Causes:

  • Platelet aggregation
  • Edema
  • Hypotension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do you need to synthesize PAF?

A
  • NADPH, AcylCoA, DHAP, activated ethanolamine

* these things take energy to make

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 3 major sphingolipid components of the plasma membrane?

A
  • Sphingophospholipids

- Glycolipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What types of problems arise when sphingolipids can’t be broken down?
- Where is this defect usually found?

A
  • Neural defects often arise because these are prominent in neural tissue
  • Lysosome - usually the location of degradation issues
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

T or F: both types of sphingolipids have fatty acids linked to them.

A

True - this fatty acids amide linkage to sphingosine is called ceramide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

T or F: sphingolipids are involved in cell-cell, cell-matrix interactions.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T or F: Spingolipids responsible for the A, B, and O blood types.

A

True

17
Q

What does a glycolipid consist of?

A
  • Ceramide connected to a sugar
18
Q

T or F: The glycolipids contain phosophdiester linkages between the sphigosine backbone and ceramide.

A

False, glycolipids simply have a sugar connected to ceramide

19
Q

What if the variable factor between different glycolipids?

A

Carbohydrate head groups only

20
Q

What is attached to a ceramide group to make sphingomyelin?

A

Phosphocholine

21
Q

What is mucolipidosis?

A
  • Inability to degrade glycolipids and sphigomyelin in membranes
22
Q

What are some examples diseases that cause mucolipidosis?

A
  • Gaucher’s Disease
  • Tay-Sachs Disease
  • Fabray’s Disease
23
Q

Cerebrosides, gangliosides, sulfatides, and globosides are all examples of what?

A

Glycolipids

24
Q

T or F: glycolipids contain phosphate

A

False

25
Q

Where are glycolipids most predominant?

A

Especially predominant in neural cell types

26
Q

What are the two classes of acidic glycolipids?

- what is their charge at physiological pH?

A
  • Sulfatides (sulfate added)
  • Gangliosides (NANA group added)

Negatively charged at physiological pH

27
Q

Where does glycolipid synthesis and breakdown occur?

A

Synthesis: ER and Golgi
Breadown: Lysosome

28
Q

What adds sulfate groups to sugars to make sulfatides?

A

PAPS

29
Q

How are sugars added to ceramide to make glycolipids?

A
  • Sugar is activated with UDP or CMP then added
30
Q

What kind(s) of bond(s) link(s) fatty acids in sphingolipids and glycolipids?

A

Amide (NOT ester or ether)

31
Q

What is needed to synthesize ceramide?

A 
Serine
Palmitoyl-CoA
FACoA
NADPH
FAD
32
Q

What kind of environment is needed for lysosomal acid hydrolases to work?

A

Low pH

33
Q

What happens if sphingolipid degradation is blocked in sphingolipids?

A
  • Synthesis will continue

- You will get an accumulation of degradation products

MBOD week 11 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions