Compartments of the Neck Flashcards
The hyoid bone is at what vertebral level?
C3
The notch of thyroid cartilage is at what level?
C4
The cricoid cartilage is at what level?
C6
The suprasternal notch is at what level?
T2
The angle of Louis is at what level?
T4/5
What are the borders of the anterior triangle?
Superior- mandible
Laterally- sternocleidomastoid
Medially- sagital line down midline of neck
What are the divisions of the anterior triangle?
Submental triangle
Submandibular triangle
Muscular triangle
Carotid triangle
What does the carotid triangle contain?
1) Carotid sinus-baroreceptors that detect stretch- glossopharyngeal nerve sends this to brain
2) Internal jugular veins
3) Hypoglossal and vagus nerves
4) Common carotid artery
What are the layers in the neck?
Skin Fat (panniculus adiposus) Platysma (penniculus carnosus) around front External jugular vein 4 layers of fascia
What are the 4 layers of fascia in the neck?
Investing fascia/deep cervical fascia
Pretracheal fascia
Pre-vertebral fascia
Carotid sheath
What are the benefits of the fascia?
Limit spread of infection, keep within fascia
What are the symptoms from infection involving fascial spaces in neck?
Trismus- term used to describe any number of conditions that cause an uncotrolled inability to open mouth or jaw
Dysphagia- difficulty swallowing
Dyspnoea- laboured breathing
What does the axillary sheath contain?
Part of brachial plexus
Axillary artery
What is subcutaneous emphysema?
Gas under skin
Gas travels along fascia layers from chest up to neck usually
What can cause subcutaneous emphysema?
Pneumothorax
Blocked chest tube
Is the carotid artery behind or in front of the jugular vein in the neck?
The carotid artery is behind the jugular vein
The internal carotid artery supplies which structures?
Brain
External carotid artery supplies which structures?
Neck and face
What is a brachial cyst?
It is on one side of neck present at birth and located in front of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, bulges out on the side
Where is a cervical plexus block put in for anaesthesia at the neck?
Erbs point
Where is it worst to have cancer in the neck?
The lower the level the cancer is the worst it is
What is Virchow’s node?
Lymph node that drains into thoracic duct into left subclavian vein
What is Troisiers sign?
Clinical finding of a hard and enlarged virchows node, sign of grastric cancer
