comparison of mitosis and meiosis

Question 1

compare the number of chromosomes in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 1

M1: diploid –> haploid
M2: haploid –> haploid
Mi: diploid –> diploid

Question 2

compare the type of division in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 2

M1: reductive
M2: equational
Mi: equational

Question 3

compare crossing over in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 3

M1: occurs
M2: does not occur
Mi: does not occur

Question 4

compare what is being separated in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 4

M1: homologous chromosomes
M2: sister chromatids
Mi: sister chromatids

Question 5

compare the end result in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 5

M1: 2 haploid daughter cells
M2: 4 haploid daughter cells
Mi: 2 diploid daughter cells

Question 6

compare genetic variation in meiosis 1, meiosis 2 and mitosis

Answer 6

M1: crossing over, independent assortment
M2: independent assortment
Mi: genetically identical daughter cells

Question 7

compare similarities of mitosis and meiosis

Answer 7

• both begin with one diploid parent cell
• both stages end with cytokinesis
• both consist of multiple stages: P, M, A, T, C
• both stages duplicate DNA
• both stages condense DNA into chromosomes
• both require chromosomes to be pulled apart by a centrosome (1 or 2 centrioles)
• both are pulled apart by spindle fibres formed from the centrosome
• both require the nuclear membrane to go away

Question 8

compare the differences of mitosis and meiosis

Answer 8

• mitosis is used in asexual reproduction, meiosis is used in sexual reproduction
• crossing over occurs in meiosis, not in mitosis
• cells produced in mitosis are genetically identical, cells in meiosis are genetically different
• mitosis used for growth + repairing the body, meiosis used for genetic diversity through sexual reproduction
• cells divide once in mitosis, twice in meiosis
• 2 diploid cells are produced in mitosis, 4 haploid cells are produced in meiosis
• number of chromosomes stay the same in mitosis, but in meiosis the number is halved
• centromeres split during anaphase in mitosis and in meiosis they split during anaphase II
• mitosis is used to create any cell but sex cells, meiosis is only used to create sex cells