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P2 - Approaches > ✓ Comparison of Approaches (AO1 + Essay Plan) > Flashcards

✓ Comparison of Approaches (AO1 + Essay Plan) Flashcards

1
Q

Cognitive Approach -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nature - cog. neuroscience & schemas in brain
vs.
Nurture - schemas based on lived experiences

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2
Q

Cognitive Approach -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Soft Determinism - choice in what we see in our environment (schemas)
vs.
Hard Determinism - cog. neuroscience

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3
Q

Cognitive Approach -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Reductionism - machine reductionist/ computer analogy

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4
Q

Cognitive Approach -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Nomothetic - brain scans/general laws

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5
Q

Cognitive Approach -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

CBT

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6
Q

Behaviourist Approach -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nurture - classical/operant conditioning

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7
Q

Behaviourist Approach -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Hard Determinism - behaviour caused by oc/cc

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8
Q

Behaviourist Approach -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Reductionism - reduces behaviour to stimulus-response/ associations (environmental reductionism)

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9
Q

Behaviourist Approach -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Nomothetic - animal studies (Pavlov’s dogs & Skinner’s rats)
vs.
Idiographic - case studies (Little Albert)

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10
Q

Behaviourist Approach -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

systematic desensitisation for phobias

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11
Q

Social Learning Theory -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nature - mediational processes (retention)
vs.
Nurture - role models in our environment

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12
Q

Social Learning Theory -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Soft Determinism - role models determine our behaviour BUT we also have choice in who our role models are

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13
Q

Social Learning Theory -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Holism - range of mediational processes
vs.
Reductionism - reduces behaviour to being caused by role models

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14
Q

Social Learning Theory -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Nomothetic - Bandura’s bobo dolls

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15
Q

Social Learning Theory -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

good role models

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16
Q

Biological Approach -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nature - genes/ neurotransmitters/ brain structure/ evolution determines behaviour

17
Q

Biological Approach -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Hard Determinism - all behaviour caused by genes etc.
(biological determinism)

18
Q

Biological Approach -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Reductionism - reduces behaviour to small parts (genes etc.)
(biological reductionism)

19
Q

Biological Approach -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Nomothetic - twin studies & general laws abt genes etc.

20
Q

Biological Approach -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

drugs e.g. SSRI’s

21
Q

Psychodynamic Approach -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nature - tripartite model (id, ego, superego)
vs.
Nurture - based on early childhood experiences

22
Q

Psychodynamic Approach -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Hard Determinism - id causes behaviour (psychic determinism)

23
Q

Psychodynamic Approach -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Reductionism - reduces mind to id, ego, superego

24
Q

Psychodynamic Approach -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Nomothetic - general laws e.g. psychosexual stages of development
vs.
Idiographic - case studies (Little Hans)

25
Q

Psychodynamic Approach -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

talking therapies
e.g. psychoanalysis - dream analysis

26
Q

Humanistic Approach -
Nature vs. Nurture

A

Nurture - conditions of worth, parts of hierarchy of needs (safety, physiological etc.)

27
Q

Humanistic Approach -
Free Will vs. Determinism

A

Free Will - we have choice abt reaching self-actualisation

28
Q

Humanistic Approach -
Holism vs. Reductionism

A

Holism - takes into account the whole individual

29
Q

Humanistic Approach -
Nomothetic vs. Idiographic

A

Idiographic - treats people individually

30
Q

Humanistic Approach -
Treatments for Abnormal Behaviour

A

CCT

31
Q

How to Structure Essay for ‘Comparison of Approaches’?

A

Given 2 Approaches to compare & describe 1 of the Approaches:

AO1 - Describe Approach 1 (6 marks)

AO3 - 4 PEELs (10 marks)
- Similarity between 2 Approaches
- Similarity “
- Difference “
- Difference “

P2 - Approaches (9 decks)

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