Comparison of approaches

Question 1

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- biological approach

Answer 1

Biological Determinism
Behaviour is controlled by internal biological factors (e.g, genes, hormones, etc).

Question 2

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- behaviourist approach

Answer 2

Environmental Determinism
Behaviour is controlled
by stimulus-response
conditioning

Question 3

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- social learning theory

Answer 3

Determinism (Soft)
Behaviour is controlled by environmental forces. However, humans have personal responsibility and free choice.

Question 4

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- cognitive approach

Answer 4

Determinism (Soft)
Behaviour is controlled by mediational processes; however, humans can choose what information they attend to

Question 5

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- psychodynamic approach

Answer 5

Psychic Determinism
Behaviour is determined by unconscious drives and earty childhood experiences.

Question 6

FREE WILL VS DETERMINISM- humanist approach

Answer 6

Free Will
Humans control their own environment and are capable of change.

Question 7

NATURE VS NURTURE- biological approach

Answer 7

Nature
Behaviour is the result of innate biological factors (e.g, genes, hormones, etel

Question 8

NATURE VS NURTURE-behaviourist approach

Answer 8

Nurture
Human are born as a tabula rasa (blank slate) and behaviour is learned.

Question 9

NATURE VS NURTURE- social learning theory

Answer 9

Nurture
Behaviour is learnt via classical and optrant conditioning,

Question 10

NATURE VS NURTURE- cognitive approach

Answer 10

Nature & Nurture
Behaviour is the product of information processing and modified by experience.

Question 11

NATURE VS NURTURE- psychodynamic approach

Answer 11

Mostly Nature
Behaviour is the product of innate drives, but shaped by carty childhood experiences.

Question 12

NATURE VS NURTURE- humanist approach

Answer 12

Mostly Nurture
Behaviour is shaped by the environment as humans strive to achieve self-actualisation.

Question 13

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLISM-biological approach

Answer 13

Biological Reductionism
Behaviour is broken down Into biological structures/ processes

Question 14

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLISM- behaviourist approach

Answer 14

Environmental Reductionism
Behaviour is broken down
Into simple somulus-response associations

Question 15

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLISM- social learning theory

Answer 15

This approach shares elemants of both the behaviourist and cognitive approach.

Question 16

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLISM-cognitive approach

Answer 16

Environmental Reductionism
Behaviour is investigated in terms of isolated varlabies (e.g, capacity of STM).

Question 17

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLISM- psychodynamic approach

Answer 17

Reductionism & Holism
Behaviour is reduced to innate drives, while taking into account the multiple aspects of human behaviour.

Question 18

REDUCTIONISM VS HOLSIM- humanist approach

Answer 18

Holism
Focuses on understanding all aspects of human experience and interaction.

Question 19

IDIOGRAPHIC VS NOMOTHETIC- biological approach

Answer 19

Nomothetic
Creates universal laws, as humans share similar physiologies.

Question 20

IDIOGRAPHIC VS NOMOTHETIC- behaviourist approach

Answer 20

Nomothetic
Creates universal laws, as behaviour is the result of stimulus-response associations.

Question 21

NOMOTHETIC VS IDIOGRAPHIC- social learning theory

Answer 21

Nomothetic
Attempts to establish general laws of behaviour (e.g, vicarious reinforcement).

Question 22

IDIOGRAPHIC VS NOMOTHETIC- cognitive approach

Answer 22

Nomothetic
Attempts to establish general laws of cognitive processing but utlises an idiographic approach with case studies

Question 23

IDIOGRAPHIC VS NOMOTHETIC- psychodynamic approach

Answer 23

Nomothetic & Idiographic
Attempts to establish general laws in relatice to innate drives. while considering unique experience (during childhood).

Question 24

IDIOGRAPHIC VS NOMOTHETIC- humanist approach

Answer 24

Idiographic
Focuses on the subjective human experience and makes no attempt to create general laws.

Question 25

SCIENTIFIC- biological approach

Answer 25

**Scientific** The biological approach promotes scientific methods of investigation (eg brain imaging).

Question 26

SCIENTIFIC- behaviourist approach

Answer 26

**scientific** The behaviourist approach utilses scientific methods of Investigation (e.g. laboratory studies and arimal researchi.

Question 27

SCIENTIFIC- social learning theory

Answer 27

**Mostly Scientific** Utilises scientific methods but also takes into account mediational processes.

Question 28

SCIENTIFIC- cognitive approach

Answer 28

**Mostly Scientific** Utilises scientific methods of Investigation; however, researchers are unable to directly observe cognitive processes.

Question 29

SCIENTIFIC- psychodynamic approach

Answer 29

**Not Scientific** Examines many concepts/ theories which carnat be empirically tested. Relies on subjective interpretation.

Question 30

SCIENTIFIC- humanist approach

Answer 30

** Not Scientific** Rejects scientific methods and is therefore unable to provide empirical evidence.