comparing approaches Flashcards
nature and nurture
beh- nurture (phobias,blank slate,cupboard love)
SLT- nurture (role models,social learning,identify)
cog- nature and nurture (human brain made up of same structures, schema is experienced)
bio- nature (twin studies,neurotransmitters OCD)
humanistic- nature and nurture (innate drive for self improvement,condition unconditional love)
psychodynamic- both (innate drives libido ID, superego ego childhood trauma)
free will VS determinism
beh- hard environmental determinism (affectionless psychopaths if suffer from maternal deprivation)
SLT- soft determinism (choose when and where to display, aggression shown in one context but not another)
cog- soft determinism (personal control over descisuons CBT uses free will)
bio- hard biological determinism (drug therapies on a singular transmitter)
humanistic- free will ( large amount of personal control, want to grow and develop
psychodynamic- hard psychic determinism (psychosexual stages determine fixation problems, constant conflict ID and super ego)
commitment to scientific method
beh- scientific (observable skinner)
SLT- scientific ( lab, less than beh can’t study mediational)
cog- scientific (inferences mental processes lab, less empirical, artificial materials
bio- scientific (empirical, cause and effect, randomised control trials, large samples)
humanistic- not scientific (rejects scientific method)
psychodynamic- barely (attempts cause and effect, unconconscoid mind
tried to move towards empirical
idiogrpahic and nomothetic
beh- nomothetic (everyone learns the same way, phobias all caused same way)
SLT- nomothetic ( bandura generalise results everyone learns same)
cog- nomothetic (theoretical models generalise to all)
bio- nomothetic (universal laws, factors effect behaviour, aggression same allele)
humanistic- idiographic (everyone so unique no generalised laws)
psychodynamic- idiographic (case study like little hans) nomothetic (general theories on personality and development)
RWA
beh- SD
SLT- criminal behaviour
cog- CBT
bio- drug therapies
humanistic- counselling
psychodynamic- psychoanalysis
holism and reductionism
beh- reductionist (stimulus and response)
SLT- less reductionist incorporates mediational processes
cog- reductionist break down into theoritical models but less reductionist than behaviourist
bio- reductionist biological factors
humanistic- holistic doesn’t try to break down should look at the whole
psychodynamic- somewhat reductionist explains behaviour repressed traumatic experience holistic constant interaction with triad
