COMP2 - Internet

Question 1

Internet Definition

Answer 1

The internet is a network of computer networks and computers using unique IP addresses and TCP/IP.

Question 2

World Wide Web Definition

Answer 2

The WWW is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the internet.

Question 3

Role of Packet Switching in the Internet

Answer 3

Packets flow between two end points that control communication.
The message is broken into smaller packets and all contain a source and destination address.

Question 4

Router Definintion

Answer 4

A router is a speical switch that gets pacets from a host/router and sends it to another host/router.

Question 5

End-to-End Principle

Answer 5

The two end computers are in control of communication accross the internet.

Question 6

Open Architechture Principle

Answer 6

Allows the designers to freely design individual networks which are connect through a router-gateway.

Question 7

Single logical Address Space Principle

Answer 7

Ensures every computer has a unique IP address, numbered using the IPv4 system; IPv4 allows 2^32 different addresses.

Question 8

Domian Names

Answer 8

The Domain Name (System), Invented in 1983, is a name that identifies 1 or more addresses.

Question 9

Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDN)

Answer 9

Consists of a host ID and domain name. It uniquely identifies a host on this network.

Question 10

Domain Name Sysytem Server Purpose

Answer 10

The DNS server translates FQDNs into IP addresses before connecting to a host.

Question 11

Top Level Domian Names

Answer 11

Com, edu, org, net, gov.

Question 12

URL

Answer 12

A Uniform Resource Locator identifies a resource by its network location. It’s a type of URI.

Question 13

URI

Answer 13

A Uniform Resource Identifier specifies how to access a resource on the internet and identifies them by its name or location.

Question 14

Server Definition

Answer 14

A software process that provides a service requested by a client.

Question 15

Client Definition

Answer 15

A software process that requests and uses the services provided by a server.

Question 16

Protocol Definition

Answer 16

A protocol is a set of pre-agreed rules, codes and signals for data exchange between systems.

Question 17

Application Layer

Answer 17

Handles the details of a particular networking application.

Question 18

Transport Layer

Answer 18

Establishes, supervises and maintains connection between 2 communication processes. It splits data into smaller bits to fit packets.

Question 19

Network Layer

Answer 19

Addresses the packets with the source and destination addresses.

Question 20

Link Layer

Answer 20

Handles the physical details of interfacing with the cable, including the network interface and device driver.

Question 21

Port Definition

Answer 21

A port is an address for a software process.

Question 22

Socket Definition

Answer 22

A socket is a combination of host IP addresses and a port number.

Question 23

Well-Known Port Numbers

Answer 23

80 - Web Server
23 - Telnet Server
21 - FTP (File Transfer Protocol) Server
25 - SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) Server
110 - POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) Server

Question 24

HTTP Definition

Answer 24

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol is where a client machine sends a request message to the server which responds with a response message.
The most popular is textual data formatted using Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML).

Question 25

FTP Definition

Answer 25

File Transfer Protocol is an application layer protocol that enables files on 1 host to be copied to another.

Question 26

POP3 Definition

Answer 26

Post Office Protocol version 3 is an application leyer protocol used to retrieve email from an email box on a remote server over a TCP/IP connection. Mail is held until a user requests it.

Question 27

SMTP Definition

Answer 27

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is used by email clients to send email where the message text is transfered to a mail server listening on port 25. The mail server delivers the mail to its destination.