Comp. II Flashcards
academic language
the entire range of language used in elementary, secondary, and university level schools including words concepts strategies and processes from academic subjects
balanced bilingualism
adding a second language capability without losing your heritage language
bilingual
speaking two languages and dealing appropratgely with the two different cultures
code switching
moving between two speech forms
critical periods
if learning doesnt happen during these periods it never will
cultural deficit model
a model that explains the school achievement problems of ethnic minority students by assuming that their culture is inadequate and does not prepare them to succeed in school
dialect
any variety of a language spoken by a particular group
emergent literacy
the skills and knowledge usually developed in the preschool years, that are the foundation for the development of reading and writing
english as a second language (ESL)
the classes devoted to teaching ELL students english
expressive vocabulary
the words a person can speak
english language learners (ELL)
students who are learning english when their primary or heritage language is not english
funds of knowledge
knowledge that families and community members have acquired in many areas of work, home, and religious life that can become the basis for teaching
genderlects
different ways of talking for males and females
generation 1.5
students whose characteristics, educational experiences, and language fluencies are somewhere in between those of students born in the us and students who are recent immigrants
heritage language
the language spoken in the students home or by members of the family
immigrants
people who voluntarily leave their country to become permanent residents in a new place
inside our skills
the emergent literacy skills of knowledge of graphemes, phonological awareness, syntactic awareness, phonemegrapheme correspondence, and emergent writing
limited english proficient (LEP)
a term also used for students who are learning english when their primary or heritage language is not english not the preferred tem because of the negative connotations
melting pot
a metaphor for the absorption and assimilation of immigrants into the mainstream of society so that ethnic differences vanish
metalinguistic awareness
understanding about ones own use of language
monolingual
speaking only one language
outside in skills
the emergent literacy skills of language, narrative, conventions of print, and emergent reading
overregularize
to apply a rule of syntax or grammar in situations where the rule does not apply, eg. the bike was broked
pragmatics
the rules for when and how to use language to be an effective communicator in a particular culture
receptive vocabulary
the words a person can understand in spoken or written words
refugees
a special group of immigrants who also relocate voluntarily, but who are fleeing their home country because it is not safe
semilingual
a lack of proficiency in any language; speaking one or more languages inadequately
sensitive periods
times when we are especially responsive to learning certain things
sheltered instruction
approach to teaching that improves english language skills while teaching content to ell students by putting the words and concepts of the content into context to make the content more understandable
sheltered instruction observation protocol or siop
an observational system to check that each element of sheltered instruction is present for a teacher
structured english immersion sei
an environment that teaches english rapidly by maximizing instruction in english and using english at a level appropriate to the abilities of the ells in the class
syntax
the order of words in phrases or sentences
