Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Domain 1 classroom Vocabulary > Comp. I > Flashcards

Comp. I Flashcards

To learn the language of Competency I through repeated use

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Vocab Builder flashcards
1
Q

development

A

orderly, adaptive changes that occur in human beings (or animals) between conception and death and remain for a reasonably long period of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

physical development

A

changes in body structure and function over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

personal development

A

changes in an individual’s personality that take place as one grows

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

social development

A

changes over time in the way an individual relates to others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

cognitive development

A

gradual, orderly changes in mental process such as thinking, reasoning, and decision making that become more complex and sophisticated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

maturation

A

genetically programmed, naturally occurring changes over time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

coactions

A

joint actions of individual biology and the environment that shapes and influences the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sensitive periods

A

times when a person is especially read for or responsive to certain experiences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

A

an mri is an imaging technique that uses a magnetic field along with radio waves and a computer to createdetailed pictures of the inside of the body. A functional mri uses the mri to measure the tiny changes that take place in the brain during brain activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

event related potential (erp)

A

measurements that assess electrical activity of the brain through the skull or scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

positron emission tomography (PET)

A

a method of localizing and measuring brain activity using computer assisted motion pictures of the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

neurons

A

nerve cells that store and transfer information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

neurogenesis

A

the production of new neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

synapses

A

the tiny space between neurons–chemical messages are sent across these gaps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pruning

A

unused neurons are pruned or removed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

experience expectant

A

an overproduction and pruning process of the brain during specific developmental periods awaiting (expecting) stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

experience dependent

A

a synaptic overproduction and pruning process based on the individuals experiences when the individual is not successful in processing information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

glial cells

A

the white matter of the brain. these cells greatly outnumber neurons and appear to have many functions such as fighting infections, countolling blood flow and communication among neurons, and providing the myelin couting around acon fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

myelination

A

the process by which neural fivers are coated with a fatty sheath called myelin that makes message transfer more efficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

lateralization

A

the specialization of the two hemispheres (sides)of the brain cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

plasticity

A

the brain’s tendency to remain somewhat adaptable or flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

jean piaget

A

devised a model describing how humans go about making sense of their world by gathering and organizing information. His ideas on cognitive development provide an explanation of the development of thinking from infancy to adulthood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cognitive development

A

according to piaget, our thinking processes change radically, though slowly, from birth to maturity in four factors–biological maturation, activity, social experiences, and equilibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

organization

A

ongoing process of attanging information and experiences into mental systems or categories

25
Q

adaptation

A

adjustment to the environment

26
Q

schemes

A

mental systems or categories of perception and experience

27
Q

assimilation

A

fitting new information into existing schemes

28
Q

accommodation

A

altering existing schemes or creating new ones in response to new information

29
Q

equilibration

A

search for mental balance between cognitive schemes and information from the environment

30
Q

disequilibrium

A

in piaget’s theory, the out of balance state that occurs when a person realizes that his or her current ways of thinking are not working to solve a problem or understand a situation

31
Q

sensorimotor

A

involving the senses and motor activity

32
Q

object permanence

A

the understanding that objects have a separate, permanent existence

33
Q

goal-directed actions

A

deliberate actions toward a goal

34
Q

operations

A

actions a person carries out by thinking them through instead of literally performing the actions

35
Q

preoperational

A

the stage before a child masters logical mental operations

36
Q

semiotic functions

A

the ability to use symbols, language, pictures, signs, or gestures, to represent actions or objects mentally

37
Q

reversible thinking

A

thinking backward from the end to the begining

38
Q

conservation

A

principle that some characteristics of an object remain the same despite changes in appearance

39
Q

decentering

A

focusing on more than one aspect at a time

40
Q

egocentric

A

assuming that others experience the world the way you do

41
Q

concrete operations

A

mental tasks tied to concrete objects and situations

42
Q

identity

A

principle that a person or object remains the same over time

43
Q

compensation

A

the principle that changes in one dimention can be offset by changes in another

44
Q

classification

A

grouping objects into categories

45
Q

reversibility

A

a characteristic of piagetian logical operations, the ability to think through a series of steps, then mentally reverse the steps and return to the starting point, also called reversible thinking

46
Q

seriation

A

arranging objects in sequential order according to one aspect, such as size, weight, or volume

47
Q

formal operations

A

mental tasks involving abstract thinking and coordination of a number of variables

48
Q

hypothetico deductive reasoning

A

a formal operations problem solving strategy in which an individual begins by identifying all the factors that might affect a problem and then deduces and systematically evaluates specific solutions

49
Q

adolescent egocentrism

A

assumption that everyone else shares ones thoughts, feelings, and concerns

50
Q

neo piagetian theories

A

more recent theories that integrate findings about attention, memory, and strategy use with piagets insights about childrens thinking and the construction of knowledge

51
Q

sociocultural theory

A

emphasizes role in develoment of cooperative dialogues between children and more knowledgeable members of society. children learn the culture of their community (ways of thinking and behavior) through these interactions

52
Q

lev vygotsky

A

this theorist beleived that human activities take place in cultural settins and that they cannot be understood apart from these settings. one of his key ideas was that our specific mental structures and processes can be traced to our interactions with others. these social interactions are more than simple influences on cognitive development they actually create our cognitive structures and thinking processes

53
Q

co constructed process

A

a social process in which people interact and negotiate (usually verbally) to create an understanding or to solve a problem. the final product is shaped by all participants

54
Q

cultural tools

A

the reall tools (computers, scales, etc.) and symbol systems (numbers, language, graphs) that allow people in a society to communicate, thnk, solve problems, and create knowledge

55
Q

collective monologue

A

form of speech in which children in a group talk but do not really interact or communicate

56
Q

private speech

A

childrens self talk, which guides their thinking and action. eventually these verbalizations are internalized as silent inner speech

57
Q

zone of proximal development

A

phase at which a child can master a talk if given appropriate help and support

58
Q

scaffolding

A

support for learning and problem solving, the support would be clues, reminders, encouragement, breaking the problem down into steps, providing an example or anything else that allows the student to grow in independence as a learner

59
Q

assisted learnign

A

providing strategic help in the initial stages of learning, gradually diminishing as students gain independence

Domain 1 classroom Vocabulary (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions