Comp 2: History Flashcards
San Francisco de los Tejas
A mission in East Texas established in 1689 with the goal of converting Native Americans to Christianity. It was abandoned four years later due to hostility from Native Americans.
Universal White Male Suffrage
The privilege of voting granted to white males, whether or not they owned property
Puritans
Pilgrims who wanted to make things better in the Church of England by getting rid of certain practices
Karankawa
Inhabited the Gulf Coast of Texas from Galveston Bay to Corpus Christi. Hunters & gatherers, fishermen, they built canoes and long bows. Thought to be the first Native Americans to make contact w/the Europeans. In the early 1530s, Alvar Nunez Vabeza de Vaca and 3 others were
Protestant Separatists
Pilgrims who wanted to get away from the Church of England; established Plymouth Colony
Plymouth County
First permanent English settlement in Massachusetts (1620)
Treaty of Ghent
Ended the War of 1812 in 1814 with neither side gaining or losing much land
Jacksonian Era/Era of The Common Man
The time period of about 1824-1837 that was greatly influenced by Andrew Jackson
Mayan Native Americans
A civilization known for its advancement in mathematics and writing. Built pyramids.
Andrew Jackson
Won fame by defeating the British in the War of 1812; later became president of the United States
Toltec
A civilization known for skill in metal work and pottery
Moses Austin
First American to receive Spanish land grant in Mexico, later Texas. He died and passed land to his son.
Pequot War
War between Pequot Indians and colonists from Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, and Saybrook colonies
Monroe Doctrine
The policy developed in 1823 by President James Monroe that there would be no colonization in the Americas by European powers
New Amsterdam
The most diverse colony which was a Dutch settlement on the southern tip of Manhattan Island
Nuestro Padre San Francisco de los Tejas
A mission established years later in the same location as the failed mission as San Francisco de los Tejas
Nathaniel Bacon
Leader of Bacon’s Rebellion in Jamestown, the first popular revolt in the colonies
French and Indian War/The Seven Years War
1756-1763. Conflict between the British and the French, who allied with the Native American tribes. Britain’s victory gave them all lands east of the Mississippi River and established them as the dominant force in North America.
Alonso Alvarez de Pineda
A Spanish explorer who, in 1519, mapped the coast of Texas as well as surrounding coastlines
George Washington
Often called the “Father of his Country”, he served in many capacities: as a member of the First and Second Continental Congress; as Commander-in-Chief of the colonial armies during the American Revolution; as president of the Constitutional Convention; and as first president of the United States
Indentured Servants
Workers who were bound to work for a specific amount of time, typically seven years in Jamestown
Alcalde Vicente Córdova
Leader of the rebels at the Cordova Rebellion
Cherokee Native Americans
A collection of tribes with common cultural elements. Lived in the southeastern United States but were a widely dispersed population. Relied on agriculture, hunting, and gathering.
Mohican Native Americans
A confederacy of five tribes along the Hudson River. Lived primarily on agriculture, but also some hunting and gathering. Lived in long houses.
Teotihuacán
A civilization known for pyramids, temples, and roads
Mirabeau Lamar
Second president to the republic of Texas, he established a fund to support public education in Texas
Christopher Columbus
Italian explorer who searched for alternative routes to India by traveling west across the Atlantic on four different trips
Encomienda
Grants from the crown giving the receivers the right to extract as much wealth for themselves from a specific area as possible, either through native labor or through the payment of tributes
Olmec
The first Meso-American civilization
James K. Polk
United States President during the Mexican-American War
Coahuitecan
An accumulation of several tribes that shared language and culture. Nomadic hunters and gatherers found widespread throughout South Texas.
Comanche
Nomadic Native American hunters and gatherers who were fierce warriors and skilled traders found in the northern Texas grasslands
Sieur De La Salle
French Explorer who founded the first permanent colony in Texas Fort St. Louis in 1685
Alcalde
The head of the town in the Spanish territory in the New World
House of Burgesses
The first legislative body which became a model for other colonies governmental systems. Met in Jamestown, Virginia.
Conquistadores
Spanish explorers who searched for and found expansive amounts of gold in the New World
Presidios
Fortified bases built by the Spanish in the New World
Mexican-American War/Mexican War
1846-1848. A war between the United States and Mexico over western territories (specifically sparked by annexation of Texas).
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The treaty signed in 1848 that ended the Mexican-American War, sparked by the Texas Revolution. Gave the US an additional 525,000 square miles for $15,000,000
Proclamation of 1763
In an attempt to avoid conflicts with Native Americans, this was issued by King George and stated that colonists couldn’t settle the Ohio River Valley
Caddo
Farming and hunting tribe found in eastern Texas that made permanent structures of wood and mud
Hopi Native Americans
Lived in villages called pueblos in northeastern Arizona. Relied on agriculture. Were known as peaceful people.
Fray Damian Massanet
A Catholic priest and Spanish missionary who established the mission San Francisco de los Tejas in 1689
Northwest Passage
A hypothesized water route from the Atlantic to Pacific Ocean. It would have facilitated trade with Asia, but one was never found. Eventually, the Panama Canal would connect these oceans in Central America.
Sam Houston
A leader in the Texas Revolution (led surprise attack over Santa Anna and his troops at the Battle of San Jacinto). Elected the first president of the new republic.
Mesoamericana
A region in the Americas extending from Central America prior to Spanish exploration
Spanish Armada
Defeated by the English Navy led by Sir Francis Drake; established England as the leading European naval power
Columbian Exchange
The transferring of plants, animals, and diseases between the Old World and the Americas after Christopher Columbus’ arrival
Mary Maverick
A Texas settler who kept detailed journals of her experiences throughout the fight for Texas independence
Lakota
A Native American tribe that transformed from sedentary to nomadic with the introduction of horses
Triangular Trade
Trade between the Americas, Europe, and Africa
Lorenzo de Zavala
A Mexican politician who eventually shifted allegiance to Texas; served as Vice President of Texas
Stephen F. Austin
Led the successful settlement of Texas in 1825
Cordova Rebellion
A rebellion of Native Americans and Mexican settlers in Nacogdoches against the newly independent Texas in 1838
The Council House Fight
Battle in 1840 between Texans and the Comanche after the Comanche did not release all of their captives
