Comp. Flashcards

1
Q

a machine that can run a program, including
computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

A

Computing Device

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2
Q

a
group of interconnected
computing devices
capable of sending or
receiving data.

A

Computing Network

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3
Q

the series of
connections between
computing devices on
a network starting with
a sender and ending
with a receiver.

A

Path

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4
Q

the maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed
amount of time, usually measured in bits per second.

A

Bandwidth

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5
Q

a group of computing devices and programs
working together for a common purpose

A

Computing System

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6
Q

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the
behavior of some system

A

Protocol

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7
Q

a protocol for sending data
across the Internet that assigns unique numbers (IP
addresses) to each connected device

A

Internet Protocol (IP)

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8
Q

The unique number assigned to each
device on the Internet.

A

IP Address

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9
Q

the inclusion of extra components so that a system
can continue to work even if individual components fail, for
example by having more than one path between any two
connected devices in a network.

A

Redundancy

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10
Q

Can continue to function even in the event of
individual component failures. This is important because elements
of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected
times, often in groups.

A

Fault Tolerant

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11
Q

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

A

Router

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12
Q

2 protocols commonly used to send packets online

A

User Data Protocol (UDP) - Sends packets as fast as possible

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - Number packets so they can be
re-ordered, confirm all were received, resend any missing packets.

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13
Q

Information
passed through the
internet in packets.

A

Datastream:

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14
Q

A chunk of data sent
over a network. Larger
messages are divided into
packets that may arrive at the
destination in order,
out-of-order, or not at all.

A

Packet:

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15
Q

Data
added to packets to help
route them through the
network and reassemble
the original message.

A

Packet Metadata:

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16
Q

the system responsible for translating
domain names like example.com into
IP addresses

A

The Domain Name System (DNS):

17
Q

a protocol for computers
to request and share the pages
that make up the world wide web
on the Internet

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP):

18
Q

the capacity for the
system to change in size and scale
to meet new demands

A

Scalability:

19
Q

a system of
linked pages, programs, and files

A

World Wide Web: