Comorbidities

Question 1

Anxiety

Answer 1

At least as common, probably more common

Most commonly: simple phobia, social phobia, GAD

Fragile X - shyness, social anxiety

Williams - anxiety disorder + phobias

Question 2

ADHD

Answer 2

Most common comorbidity in children with mild ID (65%)

Both ASD + ADHD common in children with ID (up to 20%)

Question 3

ASD

Answer 3

75-80% of children
10% mild ID, 50% severe ID
Obesity in ASD 18-20%

Question 3

Conduct disorder + ODD

Answer 3

30% of young people with mild ID, particularly males

Question 4

Alcohol & substance use disorders

Answer 4

Likely low compared to general population

Associated factors: psychiatric comorbidity, lack of daytime activities, male, living independently, forensic history

Mild ID: 1.8%
Moderate - profound: 0.5%

Question 5

Dementia

Answer 5

Alzheimer type dementia in DS:
1 in 50 aged 30-39
1 in 10 aged 40-49
1 in 3 aged 50-59
>50% aged >60