Community Engagement

Question 1

Samoan Circle

Answer 1

Small group sits in circle. Only those in circle are allowed to speak. Good for meetings dealing with controversial issues.

Question 2

Ripple Effect Mapping (REM)

Answer 2

Tool used to map out results of community engagement

Question 3

Evaluation Designs

Answer 3

PROCESS
To what extent has the process of community engagement been inclusive?

To what extent do the planners represent the community?

Process evaluation involves collecting data on the various factors of the planning and implementation phases (frequency/content of meetings, diversity, inclusion, etc.), so it must be collected from the start of the planning process and then throughout.

IMPACT
To what extent can community change be attributed to community engagement?

Impact evaluation, in seeking a causal explanation for community change, requires precise measurement using the random assignment of participants and the use of intervention and control groups.

OUTCOME
To what extent are people in the community engaged?

Question 4

Mediation

Answer 4

Can occur with city staff or with an outside party. Mediation allows each party to share their perspective on the issues. For example, determining changes needed to make the proposal acceptable to both parties, such as operational practices, such as providing advance notice of events at the church. Following mediation, the application would go through the normal hearing process. The November 2011 issue of Planning magazine highlights “The Zoning Dispute Whisperer: Adding Mediation to the Planner’s Toolkit”.

Question 5

Arbitration

Answer 5

Arbitration is a form of dispute resolution. In arbitration an independent third party makes a judicial determination of a dispute. Arbitration is commonly used in union contract disputes.

Question 6

Facilitation

Answer 6

1

Question 7

Consensus

Answer 7

While on an individual basis mediation can be most effective, when you are working with a large group, consensus building is more effective. Consensus building (also called collaborative problem solving or collaboration) is essentially mediation of a conflict which involves many parties. Usually, the conflict also involves multiple, complex issues.

Question 8

Appreciative Inquiry Summit

Answer 8

An Appreciative Inquiry Summit is a large group planning, designing, or implementation meeting that brings a whole system of internal and external stakeholder together in a concentrated way to work on a task of strategic, and especially creative, value.

Question 9

Self-esteem, Associative strength, Resourcefulness, Action planning, and Responsibility (SARAR)

Answer 9

This is a series of techniques designed to be highly visual and accessible to those who cannot read or write. Examples, include pocket charts, three pile sorting, and picture stories with gaps.

Question 10

Future Search

Answer 10

Future Search is a 2 ½ day event designed to result in a common vision of the future. The event is organized into five tasks of approximately 3-4 hours each.

Used by communities and organizations, Future Search is a unique planning method that enables large, diverse groups to validate a common mission, take responsibility for action, and develop commitment to implementation. The meeting is task-focused. The method is designed to accommodate as many as 100 people in one room or hundreds of people in parallel rooms. Future Search uses mutual learning as a catalyst for voluntary action and follow-up.

Includes creation of a group mind map, identification of highly differentiated points of view, identification of common futures, and more

Question 11

Groupware

Answer 11

Software designed to facilitate collective working by a number of different users.

Question 12

Advisory Plebiscite

Answer 12

A Plebiscite is a direct vote on an issue; an advisory plebiscite is non-binding.

Question 13

Beneficiary Assessment

Answer 13

This is an approach to information gathering which assesses the value of an activity as it is perceived by its principal users (i.e., beneficiaries).

Question 14

Coffee Klatch

Answer 14

A coffee klatch is a small, informal discussion with a group of people in a private home with light refreshments. The planner typically has a short presentation followed by questions and discussion.

Question 15

Participatory Rural Appraisal

Answer 15

The approach aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of rural people in the planning and management of development projects and programs. Participatory rural appraisals are typically highly visual including creation of maps or picture cards.

Question 16

Multi-attribute Utility Analysis (MUA)

Answer 16

Used to evaluate attributes that affect the decision, normalize those attributes to a common scale, and provide a single metric as input to the decision-maker.

Question 17

Planning Cell

Answer 17

A planning cell allows citizens to learn about, assess and choose between multiple alternatives. In a planning cell, approximately 25 people from various backgrounds work together to develop a set of solutions to a problem delegated to the participants by a commissioning body.

Question 18

Consensus Conference

Question 19

Joint Fact-finding Method

Answer 19

This method involves scientists from a wide range of perspectives in a process designed to produce new data that will lead to consensus scientific recommendations.

Question 20

Open Space

Answer 20

Open Space allows for people to propose topics to discuss and those who are interested choose to participate in that dialogue. The groups prepare summaries of their discussion to share with the entire group.