Community Engaged Program Planning

Question 1

Nurse/Care Management Process in Community

Answer 1

• Assessment – Data Collection
• Diagnosis – Identifying Strengths and Problems
• Planning – Program Development
• Implementation
• Evaluation – Program Outcomes

Question 2

_______ is the first step. This is when we gather data about the community, population, agency, or problem.

Answer 2

Assessment

This is the COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT from unit 1!!

Question 3

Diagnosis

Answer 3

Should reflect existing, emerging, and potential threats to health, as well as strengths or competencies
• May reflect strengths
• May reflect needs or areas for improvement

Question 4

Diagnosis Components

Answer 4

• Potential or adverse situation or “readiness”
• Identification of the group or population subgroup at risk
• Group factors or characteristics contributing to the risk
• Indicators that support the conclusion that an increased risk is present

This is VERY important. Notice how this looks a lot like the PES statements you make on your CM Process Tool.

Question 5

Diagnosis Format

Answer 5

• Risk of (a specific problem or health risk in the community)
• Among (the specific group or population that is affected by the problem/risk)
• Related to (strengths and weaknesses in the community that influence the specific problem or health risk in the community)
• As evidenced by (data supporting risk)

Question 6

Planning

Answer 6

• Prioritization
• Goals and Objectives
• Interventions – Program Development

Question 7

Health Planning Model

Answer 7

• Aims to improve aggregate health
• Applies the nursing process to the larger aggregate
• Many different models:
• PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
• Logic Model
• CHANGE

Question 8

Problem Prioritization

Answer 8

• Magnitude of the problem
• Seriousness of the consequences
• Feasibility of correcting the problem
• Community awareness of the problem
• Community motivation
• Nurse’s or team’s ability to influence problem solution
• Availability of expertise
• Severity of outcomes if problem is left unresolved
• Speed with which problem can be resolved

Question 9

Goals

Answer 9

generally broad statements of desired outcomes

Question 10

Objectives

Answer 10

precise statements indicating the means of achieving desired outcomes

Question 11

2 types of Objectives

Answer 11

Process objectives
Outcome objectives

Question 12

Process objectives

Answer 12

steps in the process to achieve goals
• By January 2014, identify and hire 3 community health workers

actually gathering materials for what you want to happen

Question 13

Outcome objectives

Answer 13

steps in the outcomes to achieve goals
• By January 2015, increase percentage of population with BP at or below 120/80

what you want to happen

Question 14

Goals are generally going to be the ________ of your identified problem or community diagnosis.

Answer 14

Opposite

Question 15

Outcome or Process Objectives?
• By October 1st, 2019, the percentage of WIC infants who are exclusively breastfed at 6 months of age, will be greater than or equal to 20%.

Answer 15

Outcome objectives

Question 16

Outcome or Process Objectives?
• Identify or develop and provide educational materials for LA Staff to use with participants for education, promotion and support of breastfeeding messages by February 2017.

Answer 16

Process objective

Question 17

Outcome or Process Objectives?
• Reduce the proportion of children and adolescents who are considered obese by 2020

Answer 17

Outcome objectives

Question 18

Outcome or Process Objectives?
• Increase the proportion of schools that offer nutritious foods and beverages outside of school meals by 2020

Answer 18

Process objectives

Question 19

• Objectives should follow the ________ format

Answer 19

SMART
• Specific
• Measurable
• Achievable
• Realistic
• Time sensitive

Question 20

Interventions

Answer 20

• Interventions directly linked to diagnoses, goals, and objectives
• Should be supported by current literature on interventions that work (Evidence-based practice)

SHOULD BE SUPPORTED by the literature. Just as when you develop interventions with your client in the hospital, community interventions should have a basis or support in the literature.

Question 21

Effective programs:

Answer 21

• Are comprehensive, flexible, responsive, and persevering.
• See children in the context of their family
• Incorporate families as part of neighborhoods
• Have a long-term prevention orientation, a clear mission, and continue to evolve over time
• Are well managed by competent and committed people with skills
• Have staff who are trained and supported to provide high quality, responsive services
• Operate in settings that encourage practitioners to build strong relationships of mutual trust and respect

Question 22

Things to consider with interventions

Answer 22

• Determine the intervention focus – target audience
• Individual, community, systems
• Determine prevention level best suited to target problem or diagnosis
• Primary, secondary, tertiary
• Validate practicality of the planned intervention

Question 23

PHN Role in Interventions

Answer 23

actions the PHNs take on behalf of individuals, families, systems, and communities to improve or protect health status

Question 24

Implementation

Answer 24

• May be short or long term
• Community health programs often take place over many years

Question 25

Five stages of program implementation:

Answer 25

1. Community acceptance of the program
2. Specification of tasks and estimation of needed resources
3. Development of specific plans for program activity
4. Establishment of a mechanism for program management
5. Putting the plan into action

Question 26

Evaluation

Answer 26

• Important final assessment
• Starts with goals & objectives
• The appraisal of the effects of interventions
• Compare the progress of the program to the goals and objectives
• Positive gain – Improvement
• No change
• Loss

Question 27

2 types of Evaluations

Answer 27

Formative/Process Evaluation
Summative Evaluation
(product evaluation)

Question 28

Formative/Process Evaluation

Answer 28

• Occurs during development of program
• Ongoing feedback on the performance of the program
• Concerned with the delivery of the program and organizational context (structures and procedures)
• Monitors process objectives

Question 29

Summative Evaluation

Answer 29

• Occurs at the end of the program
• Focuses on the consequences (outcomes) of the program
• Considers cost and cost-benefit
• Monitors outcome objectives

Question 30

Process evaluation

Answer 30

Is this program being implemented as planned?

Question 31

Product evaluation

Answer 31

Did this program have the intended impact?