Communism in Russia

Question 1

What year does Stalin become leader of the USSR?

Answer 1

1928

Question 2

Communist Party grew how much between 1928 and 1933?

Answer 2

From 1.3 million in 1928 to 3.3 million in 1933

Question 3

Between what years was the first five year plan and what were it’s aims?

Answer 3

1928-1932

It focused on Industry. Coal, oil, steel and electricity production.

Question 4

What were the results of the first five year plan?

Answer 4

The production of coal doubled and of electricity tripled. The workforce rose rom 11 million to 22 million.

Question 5

Between what years was the second five year plan and what were it’s aims?

Answer 5

1933-1937

Maintain industry, focus on consumer goods and Transportation. increase spending on armaments

Question 6

What were the results of the second five year plan?

Answer 6

Moscow Underground, canal and rail links capital and countryside built.

Question 7

Between what years was the third five year plan and what were it’s aims?

Answer 7

1988-1941

Cutback on Consumer goods, Focus on armament

Question 8

What were the results of the third five year plan?

Answer 8

Spending on armaments went from 16 percent to 33 percent. Interrupted by the German Invasion in 1941

Question 9

Results of Economic plans

Answer 9

• Internal passport system keep people in places of most need
• Gulag labour used to subsidise in undesirable areas
• Unemployment eradicated
• 90percent of population deemed literate
• Bad working conditions unrealistic targets, tool broken or day missed, fired or imprisoned
• lying about output figures

Question 10

What was Collectivisation?

Answer 10

Individual farms combined to larger state farms in order to improve grain output and get rid of Kulaks.

Question 11

What year was Collectivisation made compulsory?

Answer 11

1929

Question 12

What was the response to Collectivisation?

Answer 12

Farmers burn crops slaughter animals. Red Army destroy villages and arrest farmers, execute rebels. Dekulakisation. Army between 1932-1933. 97 percent of farms collectivised. 10 million dead from police and famine.

Question 13

How were children exposed to Propaganda?

Answer 13

Groups such as Young Communists and Little Octobrists. Curriculums edited, Communism taught. Stalin giving larger role in 1917 revolution.

Question 14

Forms of Propaganda

Answer 14

• Censorship of art and writing
• Only newspapers promote communism and Stalin denounce opposition, Pravda, Izvestia
• Depict compliant happy workforce

Question 15

What was the Cult of personality?

Answer 15

• Stalin represented as Godlike Figure
• 1929, 50th birthday big celebration
• Statues and posters
• Volgograd renamed Stalingrad, he fought there during war.

Question 16

Who was assainated by who that led to the show trials?

Answer 16

Sergei Kirov, (communist leader in Leningrad, threat to Stalin) by Leonid Nikolaev.

Question 17

The first show trial

Answer 17

1936, Trial of 16

• Zinoviev and Kamenev
• Plotting with Trotsky and the Gestapo to assassinate Kirov and overthrow government.
• Yagoda(head of nkvd) led torture
• scripted
• Andrey Vyshinsky prosecutor provided no evidence
• All were excecuted
• World Press invited

Question 18

the second show trial

Answer 18

1937, Trial of 17

• Radek implicates Bukarhin and Rykov
• 13 killed, 4 sent to Gulag, Rykov killed in Gulag

Question 19

the third show trial

Answer 19

1938, Trail of 21

• Bukharin Rykov and Yagoda
• Accused of plotting to kill Lenin and Stalin. Yagoda of spying for Germany
• Bukharin resisted torture until family brought in, dnied knowledge of chrages but pleaded guilty
• Members Trotskys famiy brought in and executed.
• All found guilty and executed

Question 20

Purges other than show trials

Answer 20

1937, 35,000 soldiers shot or jailed.

-NKVD had quota of people to imprison, toture and execute so civilians suffered.