Communication With Older Adults/ Motivational Interviewing Flashcards
True or false: Disease and Pain are inevitable with old age
False
True or False: Older adults are abandoned, mistreated and lonely
False
True or False: Depression, Cognitive Impairment are to be expected
False
True or False: Receiving 12 medications are Normal for older adults
False
True or False: Older Adults are chatty and will talk your ear off
Stereotype
3 Physiologic Barriers when communicating with Older Adult
1- hearing impairment
2- vision impairment
3-Cognitive impairment ( memory and learning)
3 Physiologic barriers regarding vision changes with Aging
- reduced color sensitivity
- ⬆️sensitivity to glare
- reduce Visual field and Acuity
Why does perception of colors and texture changes
Because LENS opacity changes
What color range do older older have difficulty discerning
Green- blue-violet range
Name 3 strategies for visually impaired adults
1- large type for RX labels ( leave of glossy tape)
2- handouts - large print
Contrasting background
Non glare finish ( black print on pastel paper)
3- Read aloud instructions on OTC labels
Key instruction larger font
What can you do specifically if you give written information to visually impaired elders to help reinforce information?
Pair a Sense with a Sense - written format ( seeing) with verbal (hearing)
What is smallest font size you should use in power point presentation
18
What do we need for visual acuity ( ability)?
More light
3 points for visual acuity
⬇️ability to see fine detail
⬇️ability to distinguish depth
⬇️ability to adapt to brightness
What is the difference between aging eyes and disease of cataracts
A healthy lens allows ALL of incoming light to generate clear image and cataracts scatter the incoming light resulting in hazing and lack of light
4 strategies for reduced visual field and acuity
1- bright light
2-color code medication container
3- encourage divided pill containers
4-introduce yourself each time you meet facing them directly
With hearing loss which pitch do we lose first and who represents that pitch
High pitch is lost first ( women have high pitch voices)
Memory and learning decline with age mostly do to what
Slowing of cognitive processes ; it takes longer to learn new information and respond to questions
3 strategies for memory and learning
- categorize info
First, then next
-make info as concrete w/ specific instructions ( visual aid, demonstration)
-help identify events that occur consistently in Daily routines that can be CUES when to take medication
Which type font is best for Older population and why and 2 examples
Serif typeface -because it has an illusionary tail which guides the reader from one letter to the next
Examples:Times New Roman and Georgia
What 3 color to avoid in formatting
Yellow, blue and green
Limit use of what 3 things in formatting
Bold , italics, underlining
What to consider with letters
Do not use all CAPITAL LETTERS or all small letters
Name 7 things which motivational interviewing is successful
1-Medication adherence
2-Entering in, staying in and completing Rx
3-adherence to glucose monitoring and improve glycemic control
4-⬆️exercise
5- reduce sodium intake, unprotected sex, and needle sharing
6-decrease alcohol and illicit drug use
7-quit smoking
How does motivational interviewing works?
By activating patients’ Own motivation for change and adherence to tax
Define motivational interviewing
A GENTLE, Client-centered counseling approach that uses Patients’ OWN motivation and commitment to explore and resolve their Ambivalence about the behavior change
Name 4 principles of motivational interviewing
R- resist the righting reflex ( resist the thought to correct a misgiving and Listen instead)/ Roll with resistance
U - understand the patients motivations
L- listen with empathy
E- empower the patient/ support self sufficiency
With Motivational interviewing Who is the primary source in finding answers and solutions ?
The patient
What type of listening that causes you to listen to the patient rather than formulate a plan
Reflective listening
How many levels of reflective listening and name each on
3
Level 1 : repeat
Level 2: rephrase
Level 3: paraphrase
Name 4 paraphrasing techniques and example of each
1- continuing
2- amplified reflection ( use this one with caution)
3- double sided reflection
4- metaphor and simile - COPD patient says he have a hard time breathing and you say “ it feels like you’re climbing up a mountain
Who is responsible for CHOOSING and carrying out change
The patient
Name an important patient motivator of change
A patients belief in the possibility of change
Motivational interviewing involves what % patient and what % provider
70% patient
30% provider
Is sympathizing with patient good and why?
It can be dangerous because changes the focus from patient to yourself
3 concepts of readiness ruler and scale
Readiness - how ready are you
Importance- how important is it to you
Confidence-how confident are you that you can make this change
Scale from 1 to 7
What purpose do we listen with empathy
To elicit CHANGE TALK
