Communication With Older Adults/ Motivational Interviewing

Question 1

True or false: Disease and Pain are inevitable with old age

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or False: Older adults are abandoned, mistreated and lonely

Answer 2

False

Question 3

True or False: Depression, Cognitive Impairment are to be expected

Answer 3

False

Question 4

True or False: Receiving 12 medications are Normal for older adults

Answer 4

False

Question 5

True or False: Older Adults are chatty and will talk your ear off

Answer 5

Stereotype

Question 6

3 Physiologic Barriers when communicating with Older Adult

Answer 6

1- hearing impairment
2- vision impairment
3-Cognitive impairment ( memory and learning)

Question 7

3 Physiologic barriers regarding vision changes with Aging

Answer 7

• reduced color sensitivity
• ⬆️sensitivity to glare
• reduce Visual field and Acuity

Question 8

Why does perception of colors and texture changes

Answer 8

Because LENS opacity changes

Question 9

What color range do older older have difficulty discerning

Answer 9

Green- blue-violet range

Question 10

Name 3 strategies for visually impaired adults

Answer 10

1- large type for RX labels ( leave of glossy tape)
2- handouts - large print
Contrasting background
Non glare finish ( black print on pastel paper)
3- Read aloud instructions on OTC labels
Key instruction larger font

Question 11

What can you do specifically if you give written information to visually impaired elders to help reinforce information?

Answer 11

Pair a Sense with a Sense - written format ( seeing) with verbal (hearing)

Question 12

What is smallest font size you should use in power point presentation

Answer 12

18

Question 13

What do we need for visual acuity ( ability)?

Answer 13

More light

Question 14

3 points for visual acuity

Answer 14

⬇️ability to see fine detail
⬇️ability to distinguish depth
⬇️ability to adapt to brightness

Question 15

What is the difference between aging eyes and disease of cataracts

Answer 15

A healthy lens allows ALL of incoming light to generate clear image and cataracts scatter the incoming light resulting in hazing and lack of light

Question 16

4 strategies for reduced visual field and acuity

Answer 16

1- bright light
2-color code medication container
3- encourage divided pill containers
4-introduce yourself each time you meet facing them directly

Question 17

With hearing loss which pitch do we lose first and who represents that pitch

Answer 17

High pitch is lost first ( women have high pitch voices)

Question 18

Memory and learning decline with age mostly do to what

Answer 18

Slowing of cognitive processes ; it takes longer to learn new information and respond to questions

Question 19

3 strategies for memory and learning

Answer 19

• categorize info
  First, then next
  -make info as concrete w/ specific instructions ( visual aid, demonstration)
  -help identify events that occur consistently in Daily routines that can be CUES when to take medication

Question 20

Which type font is best for Older population and why and 2 examples

Answer 20

Serif typeface -because it has an illusionary tail which guides the reader from one letter to the next
Examples:Times New Roman and Georgia

Question 21

What 3 color to avoid in formatting

Answer 21

Yellow, blue and green

Question 22

Limit use of what 3 things in formatting

Answer 22

Bold , italics, underlining

Question 23

What to consider with letters

Answer 23

Do not use all CAPITAL LETTERS or all small letters

Question 24

Name 7 things which motivational interviewing is successful

Answer 24

1-Medication adherence
2-Entering in, staying in and completing Rx
3-adherence to glucose monitoring and improve glycemic control
4-⬆️exercise
5- reduce sodium intake, unprotected sex, and needle sharing
6-decrease alcohol and illicit drug use
7-quit smoking

Question 25

How does motivational interviewing works?

Answer 25

By activating patients’ Own motivation for change and adherence to tax

Question 26

Define motivational interviewing

Answer 26

A GENTLE, Client-centered counseling approach that uses Patients’ OWN motivation and commitment to explore and resolve their Ambivalence about the behavior change

Question 27

Name 4 principles of motivational interviewing

Answer 27

R- resist the righting reflex ( resist the thought to correct a misgiving and Listen instead)/ Roll with resistance
U - understand the patients motivations
L- listen with empathy
E- empower the patient/ support self sufficiency

Question 28

With Motivational interviewing Who is the primary source in finding answers and solutions ?

Answer 28

The patient

Question 29

What type of listening that causes you to listen to the patient rather than formulate a plan

Answer 29

Reflective listening

Question 30

How many levels of reflective listening and name each on

Answer 30

3
Level 1 : repeat
Level 2: rephrase
Level 3: paraphrase

Question 31

Name 4 paraphrasing techniques and example of each

Answer 31

1- continuing
2- amplified reflection ( use this one with caution)
3- double sided reflection
4- metaphor and simile - COPD patient says he have a hard time breathing and you say “ it feels like you’re climbing up a mountain

Question 32

Who is responsible for CHOOSING and carrying out change

Answer 32

The patient

Question 33

Name an important patient motivator of change

Answer 33

A patients belief in the possibility of change

Question 34

Motivational interviewing involves what % patient and what % provider

Answer 34

70% patient

30% provider

Question 35

Is sympathizing with patient good and why?

Answer 35

It can be dangerous because changes the focus from patient to yourself

Question 36

3 concepts of readiness ruler and scale

Answer 36

Readiness - how ready are you
Importance- how important is it to you
Confidence-how confident are you that you can make this change
Scale from 1 to 7

Question 37

What purpose do we listen with empathy

Answer 37

To elicit CHANGE TALK