COMMUNICATION STRATEGY Flashcards
Since engaging in conversations is also bound by implicit rules, ___________ states that strategies must be used to start and maintain a conversation .
Cohen (1990)
What are the 7 strategies people use when communicating?
Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic control
Topic shifting repair
Termination
It is to collaboratively and productively establish a topic. Basically when you employ this strategy, you try to open a topic with the people you are talking to,
Nomination
Refers to any limitation you may have as a speaker.
Restriction
Pertains to the process by which a participant stops speaking and yields or decides who among a participant takes the conversational floor as a speaker.
Turn-taking
What are the three turn-taking acts?
Keep-turn
Release-turn
Take-turn
It suggests that a speaker must not stop until he fulfills his purpose in a conversation.
Keep- turn
Suggests that a speaker is finished talking and is ready to yield the floor to another person to take his or her turn. He or she may use signals or pauses in a conversation.
Release-turn
Suggests that another participant can take the role of the speaker
Take-turn
What are signals and cues that speaker wants to keep, yield or take his or her turn.
Intonation
Verbal Cues
Nonverbal cues or gestures
May signal when a speaker intends to keep or yield his or her turn
Intonation
May suggest that a speaker wants to yield or to keep his or her turn.
Verbal cues
Such as raising one’s hand, shows that a participant wants to take the floor or speak.
Non-verbal cues/gestures
Covers how procedural formality or informality affects the development of topics in conversations.
Topic control
It involves moving from one topic to another. In other words it is where one part of a conversation ends and where another begins.
Topic shifting
It refers to how speakers address the problems in speaking, listening and comprehending that they may encounter in a conversation.
Repair
He states that
“Repair is the self-righting mechanism in any social Interaction”
Schegloff et al.., 1977
It refers to the conversation participants close-initiating expressions that end a topic in a conversation.
Termination
Recite again what are the 7 types of communication strategies
Nomination
Restriction
Turn-taking
Topic Control
Repair
Termination
“Do you have anything to say?”
Turn taking
“One of the essential lessons I gained from the discussion is the importance of sports and wellness to a healthy lifestyle”
Restriction
“Excuse me? I think we should speak one at a time, so we can clearly understand what we want to say about the issue”
Repair
“Go on with your ideas. I’ll let yoy finish before I say something”
Turn taking
“Have you heard about the news about the latest achievement of our government.”
Nomination
“Hey, how are you? I missed you”
Nomination
“Best regards to your parents! See you around”
Termination
“Good to see you, Anyway, I came to visit you because I want to personally offer apologies for what I did yesterday.”
Repair
“Sorry, I can’t decide on that now. I am still focused on my writing assignment. Let’s talk next time, okay?”
Termination
“Now it your turn to ask questions .”
Turn-taking
Succesful communication requires understanding the relationship between words and sentences and the speech acts they represent. Is this True or False?
True
Knowing and applying grammar appropriately is one of the most complex strategies for maintaining a conversation. Is this true or false.
False-“Basic”
Keep the conversational environment private and disclosed for opinions until the prior topic shuts down easily and initiates a smooth end. This could efficiently signal the beginning of a new topic in the conversation.
False- “open”
“When communicating in the classroom or in a meeting, you are typically given specific instructions that you must follow. These instructions confine you as a speaker and limit what you can say.”
True
“There is a code of behavior behind establishing and sustaining a productive conversation, but the primary idea is to give all communicators a chance to speak.”
True
“Regardless of the formality of the context, topic control is achieved individually
False-“cooperatively*
“When a topic is initiated, it should be collectively developed by avoiding unnecessary interruptions and topic shifts.
True
“When shifting from one topic to another, you have to be very cold.
False-“Intuitive”
“If everybody in the conversation seems to talk at the same time, give way and acknowledge another’s initiative to set the conversation back to its topic”
True
“Although not all topics may have clear ends, try to signal the end of the topic through non-verbal cues
False- “concluding cues”
“When a speaker tries to establish a topic like “Good morning, how are you?” That is an example of Nomination.”
True
“Repair is the self-wronging mechanism in any social interaction
False- “self-righting”
“Giving another speaker a chance to speak their opinion is an example of Repair.”
False- Turn taking
“What you think?”
“You were wanting to say something?”
Are all examples of Topic control
False-Turn taking
“You are limited to cuss out your opposing team in a debate.” That is an example of restriction
True
“By the way”
“Which reminds me of”
Are cues in example of Topic Shifting
True
“Goodbye, see you around.”
“I’ll conclude this convo for now.”
Are examples of a restriction
False- Termination
When it comes to formal or informal cues like “Yes, okay” “That was unexpected wasn’t it?” “Go on” Are all examples of Topic control
True
State again all 7 communicative strategies
Nomination
Restriction
Turn-Taking
Topic Shifting
Topic Control
Repair
Termination
