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ORAL COM > Communication Review For Prelim > Flashcards

Communication Review For Prelim Flashcards

1
Q

Is the exchange of information,concepts and opinions between or among two or more people within the same or different contexts.

A

Communication

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2
Q

What are the fundamentals of communication?

A

Elements of Communication
Models of Communication
Functions of Communication
Features of an Effective Communication

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3
Q

An element of communication where It is the source of information or message

A

Speaker

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4
Q

An element of communication where it is The information,ideas or thoughts conveyed by the speaker in words or in actions.

A

Message

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5
Q

An element of communication where it is The process of converting the message into words actions or other forms that the speaker understands

A

Encoding

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6
Q

An element of communication where The medium or the means,such as personal or non-personal, verbal or nonverbal, in which the encoded message is conveyed.

A

Channel

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7
Q

An element of communication where The process of interpreting the encoded message of the speaker by the receiver

A

Decoding

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8
Q

An element of communication where they are The recipient of the message or someone who decodes the message

A

Receiver

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9
Q

An element of communication where The reactions,responses or information provided by the receiver

A

Feedback

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10
Q

An element of communication where The environment where communication takes place

A

Context

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11
Q

An element of communication where The factors that affect the flow of communication

A

Barriers

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12
Q

What are the elements of communication

A

Speaker-Message-Encoding-Channel-Decoding-Receiver-Feedback-Context-Barriers

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13
Q

What are the 6 steps of Process of Communication

A

1.The speaker generates an idea
2.The speaker encodes an idea or converts it into words or actions.
3.The speaker transmits or sends out a message.
4.The receiver gets the message.
5.The receiver decodes or interprets the message based on the context.
6.The receiver sends or provides feedback.

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14
Q

What are the two types of Models of Communication

A

Shannon-Weaver Model
Transaction Model

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15
Q

Known as the mother of all communication models, this model made in 1949 depicts communication as a linear or one way-process

A

Shannon-Weaver model

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16
Q

American Mathematician,electronic engineer and American Scientist who both wrote the Shannon-Weaver model

A

Claude Shannon and Warren Weaver

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17
Q

What is the other name for the article of Shannon-Weaver Model and what journal was it written to.

A

“A mathematical theory of communication from the
Bell system Technical Journal“

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18
Q

What are the elements of Shannon weaver model

A

Source
Transmitter
Channel
Receiver
Destination

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19
Q

An element of shannon weaver model
where it is a producer of message

A

Source

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20
Q

A element of shannon weaver model where it is the encoder of message into signals

A

Transmitter

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21
Q

An element of SWM where it signals adapted for transmission

A

Channel

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22
Q

The decoder of the message and

Last element of the SWM where the message is received by the receiver

A

Receiver
Destination

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23
Q

The missing element of Shannon Weaver Model that is the reason why it was criticized

A

Feedback

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24
Q

It is a communication model where it is a two way process with the inclusion of feedback as an element

A

Transaction model

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25
Q

Proposes that communication between two or more people occurs in an ongoing exchange of messages, where both the sender and receiver influence what is communicated,In this process, people’s shared understandings are built through consistent communication within specific contexts.

A

Transactional model

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26
Q

Two examples of Transaction Model

A

Face to face Communication
Facetime/Video Conference Calls

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27
Q

The most direct form of communication where two or more people are in the same physical space.Its facilitates transactional communication like immediate feedback. It allows for nonverbal cues such as body language and facial expression to be used to convey a message.

A

Face to Face communication

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28
Q

By using audio and visual technology these calls allow two or more people to communicate with another in real time regardless of geographical location.

A

Facetime/Video Conference Calls

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29
Q

What are the 5 functions of Communication?

A

Control
Social Interaction
Motivation
Emotional Expression
Information dissemination

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30
Q

Functions to control behaviour

A

Control

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31
Q

Functions to allow individuals to interact with others

A

Social Interaction

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32
Q

Functions to motivate or encourages people to live better

A

Motivation

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33
Q

Functions to facilitates people’s expression of their feelings and emotions

A

Emotional expression

34
Q

Functions to convey information

A

Information dissemination

35
Q

Enumerate the Features of an Effective Communication (7)

A

Completeness
Conciseness
Consideration
Concreteness
Courtesy
Clearness
Correctness

36
Q

A feature of effective communication where it implies the use of simple and specific words to express ideas, and when the speaker focuses on a single objective to not confuse the receivers

A

Clearness

37
Q

A feature of effective communication where it does not mean keeping the message short but making it direct or straight to the point.

A

Conciseness

38
Q

A feature of effective communication when the message is concrete and supported by facts,figures and real-life examples and situations.

A

Concreteness

39
Q

A feature of effective communication where grammar eliminates negative impact on the receivers and increases the credibility and clarity of the message

A

Correctness

40
Q

A feature of effective communication where it is essential to the quality of the communication process in general.
Hence communication should include everything that the receiver needs to hear for them to respond,react or evaluate properly.

A

Completeness

41
Q

A feature of communication where the speaker should always consider relevant information about their receiver such as mood,background,race, preference,education,status and needs. By doing so they can easily build rapport with the receiver.

A

Considerateness

42
Q

A feature of effective communication where the speaker shows courtesy in communication by respecting the culture,values and beliefs of their receivers.

A

Courtesy

43
Q

What are the barriers of communication?

A

Emotional barriers
Use of Jargon
Lack of Confidence
Noisy environment

44
Q

Refers to the set of specialized vocabulary in a certain field.

A

Jargon

45
Q

a Type of communication that Refers to an interaction in which words are used to relay a message and express ideas.

A

Verbal Communication

46
Q

Traits for Verbal Communication

A

Appropriateness
Brevity
Clarity
Ethics
Vividness

47
Q

The language that you use should be appropriate to the environment or occasion whether formal or informal.

A

Appropriateness

48
Q

The meaning of words,feelings, or ideas may be interpreted differently by a listener hence it is essential for you to clearly state your message and express your ideas and feelings

A

Clarity

49
Q

Speakers who often use simple yet precise and powerful words are found to be more credible. Be direct with words and avoid fillers and insubstantial expressions.

A

Brevity

50
Q

Words that are vividly or creatively describe things or feelings usually add color and spice to communication hence you are encouraged to charm your audience through use of vivid words

A

Vividness

51
Q

Words should be carefully chosen in consideration of the gender, roles, ethnicity, preferences and status of the person or people you are talking to.

A

Ethics

52
Q

2 Types of Verbal Communication

A

Spoken/Oral communication and
Written Communication

53
Q

A verbal form of communication where you communicate with spoken words through thoughts, present ideas and share information
Ex: face to face conversation, speech

A

Spoken/Oral Communication

54
Q

Refers to the process of conveying a message through the written symbols.
Sending of messages,orders or instructions through writing.
Ex: letters emails texting

A

Written Communication

55
Q

An interaction or type of communication where behavior is used to convey and represent meanings. These are classified as all kind of human responses that are not expressed in words like smile,stare,body language,tone

A

Non-Verbal communication

56
Q

Types of Non-Verbal Communication 5

A

Proxemics
Kinesics
Chronemics
Haptics
Paralannguage

57
Q

How the space between the speaker and receiver affects their communication

A

Proxemics

58
Q

What are the distances if proxemics and their estimated distance

A

Intimate distance- 6 to 18 inch
Personal distance- 1.5 to 4 feet
Social- 4 to 12 feet
Public- 12-25 feet

59
Q

The use of body language like gestures, eye contact and facial expressions

A

Kinesics

60
Q

Refers to the role of time in communication

A

Chronemics

61
Q

The use of touch to convey meaning in a conversation and is also dependent on culture like blessing your elders by using hands, thumbs up

A

Haptics

62
Q

The tone,speed and volume of a speaker’s voice including sighs and gasps

A

Paralanguage

63
Q

Identify if it is verbal communication or non verbal communication
“talking to someone face to face”

A

Verbal communication

64
Q

Identify if it is verbal communication or non verbal communication
“Talking on the phone”

A

Verbal communication

65
Q

Identify if it is verbal communication or non verbal communication
“Sticking one’s tongue out at someone”

A

Non-Verbal communication

66
Q

Identify if it is verbal communication or non verbal communication
“Tapping someones shoulder”

A

Non-verbal communication

67
Q

Identify if it is verbal communication or non verbal communication
“Speaking at a public convention”

A

Verbal Communication

68
Q

According to others It is a communication that is influenced by different, ethnicities, religions, and sexual orientation.

A

Intercultural Communication

69
Q

But according to him, intercultural Communication happens when individuals, interact,negotiate, and create meanings, while bringing in their varied cultural backgrounds.

A

Ting-Toomey (1999)

70
Q

But according to him, Intercultural Communication pertains to communicate among people from different nationalities.

A

Gudykunst (2003)

71
Q

What are the stages in intercultural Communication (in order)

A

Stage 1: Denial
Stage 2: Defend
Stage 3: Minimization
Stage 4: Acceptance
Stage 5: Adaptation
Stage 6: Integration

72
Q

stage where The individual does not recognize cultural differences

A

stage 1: Denial

73
Q

Stage where the individual starts to recognize cultural differences and is intimidated by them, resulting in either a superior view on his/her culture or an unjustified high regard for the new one.

A

Stage 2: Defend

74
Q

Stage where even though individuals see cultural differences, they bank more on The universality of ideas rather than on cultural differences.

A

Stage 3: Minimization

75
Q

Stage where the individuals begins to appreciate important cultural differences in behaviors and eventually in values.

A

Stage 4: Acceptance

76
Q

Stage where the individual is very open to world views when accepting new perspectives.

A

Stage 5: Adaptation

77
Q

Stage where the individuals starts to to beyond their own culture and see themselves and their actions based on multifarious cultural viewpoints.

A

Stage 6: Integration

78
Q

What are the characteristics or traits of competent Intercultural Communicators

A

1.flexibility and the ability to tolerate high levels of uncertainty
2. Reflectiveness or mindfulness
3.open-mindedness
4.sensitivity
5. Adaptability
6. Ability to engage in divergent or thinking creatively and systems level thinking or thinking about how each one in a system or organization influences each other
7.Politeness

79
Q

What are the characteristics or traits of competent Intercultural Communicators

A

1.flexibility and the ability to tolerate high levels of uncertainty
2. Reflectiveness or mindfulness
3.open-mindedness
4.sensitivity
5. Adaptability
6. Ability to engage in divergent or thinking creatively and systems level thinking or thinking about how each one in a system or organization influences each other
7.Politeness

80
Q

Is a civilized and culture sensitive form if expression using a language that polite members of societies prefer using when talking about certain sensitive issues and designations

A

Politically Correct Language

ORAL COM (5 decks)

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