Communication skills Flashcards
1
Q
What is INR?
A
- Derived from prothrombin time
- 1.0 represents global average
- monitors patients on warfarin
2
Q
What is PT?
A
- prothrombin time
- measures how long it takes blood to clot via extrinsic pathway ( play tennis outside so PT = extrinsic)
- 10-13 seconds
3
Q
How do you open an INR consultation?
A
- establish reason for being on warfarin and target INR range
- Ask ICE, if they know what warfarin is
4
Q
How do you explain warfarin to a patient?
A
- warfarin is an anticoagulant
- thins blood to prevent clots
- used to treat prev clots in legs/lungs
- prevent clots for high risk e.g. irregular heartbeat or heart valve
5
Q
How do you explain INR to a patient?
A
- measure of how long blood takes to clot
- 1 in healthy people
- target range is 2-3 (2.5)
- monitor INR often and adjust warfarin
6
Q
How should warfarin be taken?
A
- same time each day
- no skipped doses
7
Q
What affects PT?
A
- liver disease
- vit K deficiency
- warfarin levels
- DIC
8
Q
What should you ask about the patient’s daily life relating to warfarin?
A
- impact on work, social
- impact on mood
- impact on sleep
- weight change
9
Q
What are abnormal INR symptoms?
A
- clots
- leg swelling
- SOB
10
Q
What dietary advice can you give regarding INR?
A
- Lower consumption of foods high in Vit K - broccoli, kale, spinach. cranberry juice (interacts)
11
Q
What other lifestyle advice should you give regarding INR?
A
- limit alcohol to 1-2 drinks per day, no bingeing
- take care brushing teeth or shaving
12
Q
What is FEV1?
A
- forced expiratory volume in 1s
- vol exhaled in 1st second after deep inspiration and forced expiration
13
Q
What is FVC?
A
- total volume of air that pt can forcibly exhale in 1 breath
14
Q
What are normal FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC ranges?
A
- FEV1: >80% predicted
- FVC: >80% predicted
- FEV1/FVC ratio: >0.7
15
Q
What are findings in obstructive lung disease?
A
- reduced FEV1 <80% predicted
- reduced FVC (to a lesser extent
- FEV1/FVC ratio reduced <0.7
