Communication Milestones Flashcards
0-6 Months
Produces only “vegetative” sounds
cooiing, imitation of vowels only, vocalization with intonation, responds to name, responds to human voices without visual cues by turning head and eyes, responds appropriately to friendly and angry tones
6-12 Months
Babbling begins in earnest (CV, CVC)
Deaf babies do this too**
comprehension of spoken language, single words begin to be produced, uses one or more words with meaning, understands simple instructions, practices inflection, aware of social value of speech
Strong evidence that all babies in world make same babble sounds–happens with motherese–reinforce sounds you know, if deaf baby is born into family that knows sign language, will go through same phases
Babbling Stages
Marginal
Reduplicated/Canonical
Nonrepudlicated/Variegated
Jargon
Marginal Babbling
4-6 months, CV or VC only (ba or ab), nasal and labial sounds can feel it–deaf babies also do this
Reduplicated/Canonical
6-8 months, alternation of consonants and vowels (babababa)
deaf babies do this but may be lower frequencies
Nonreduplicated/Variegated
8-10 months, alternating consonants and vowels, mimics adult intonation
starts to pull apart from deaf babies
Jargon
9-12 months, strings of syllables that mirro adult stress patters
conversation
Around 2 Months
Startles to loud sound (Moro startle)
Quiets to familiar voices in quiet
Makes vowel sounds like ohh ahh (reflexive)
Around 4 Months
Looks for sound sources on lateral plane starts babbling (CV, CVC) Uses a variety of voice sounds, squeals and chuckles
Around 6 Months
Turns head toward loud sound consistently
Begins to imitate speech sound
babbles (baba, mama, gaga)
Around 9 Months
Imitates speech sounds of others
Understands no-no or bye-bye
Turns head toward soft sounds
Around 12 Months
Correctly uses mama or dada
Gives toy when asked
Responds to singing or music
Readily turns toward all sound
12-18 Months Language Development
Have vocabulary of ~5-20 words & Reaches 50 word stage by 18 months
mostly nouns, echolalia, much jargon with emotional content, able to follow simple commands
18-24 Months Language Development
Vocab spurt–150-300 words
~2/3 of what kid says should be intelligible, responds to command show me your eyes/nose/mouth
begins to use verbs, adjectives, using multi word utterances
combines words into short sent largely noun-verb combos, MLU 1.2 words
Can begin to do speech discrimination tests
24-36 Months Language Development
900-1000 words
2-3 words per sentence–about 90% of what kid says is intelligible, verbs begin to dominate, sentence structure gets more complex, using plurals and past tense, knows chief body parts
48 Months Language Development
Can follow simple directions, difference between understanding and willing to follow directions
can repeat 4 digits when they are given slowly, can usually repeat words of 4 syllables, demonstrates understanding of over and under
b,m,w.n, p well established and has most vowels and diphthongs and constants
Red Flags for Development
12 Months: could have auditory or language issue if no differentiated babbling or vocal imitation
18 Months: no attempt at words, word that parents know meaning behind word Conceptually
24 Months: if kid has less than 10 words– By this point 50 words, begin vocabulary spurt–refer SLP
30 Months: less than 100 words, no 2 word combos, unintelligible speech–referral
36 Months: fewer than 200 words, no telegraphic sentences, clarity of speech is less than 50%—not a good sign
48 Months: fewer than 600 words, no use of simple sentences, clarity of speech less than 80%–if speech isn’t clear, language problem NOT articulation
60 Months Language Development
Can use many descriptive words spontaneously–know common opposites, can count to 10,speech should be intelligible in spite of articulation problems, should be able to repeat sentences as long as 9 words
Aspects of language
Phonology, Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, Pragmatics
Phonology
system of rules that govern sounds and their combination,
phoneme=smallest linguistic unit of speech that signals difference in meaning
Speech Sound Development Chart
1.5-3 years: p, m, h, n, w, b–>visual sounds, voiced
2-4: k,g,d,t,ng
2.5-4: f, y
3-7: r
3-6: l
3-8: s
- 5-7: ch, sh
- 5-8: z
4-7: j
4-8: v
- 5-7: th (thumb)
- 5-8: th (this)
- 5-8.5: zh (measure)
Morphology
Rules that govern internal word formation
smallest linguistic unit that carries meaning
ball vs balls
Brown’s Stages of Development
12-26 Months: MLU=1-2 27-30 Months: MLU=2-2.5 31-34 Months: MLU=2.5-3 35-40 Months: MLU=3-3.75 41-46 Months: MLU=3.75-4.5 47 Months +: MLU=4.5+
Syntax
Rules that govern sentence structure
syntactic errors in kids are common, learn by hearing other people speak HL kids make many errors with this
