Communication, Directing Attention, and Spatial Cognition Flashcards
what are the fxns of the temperoparietal association area
communication
directing attention
comprehending space
sensory integration, understanding communication, spatial comprehension, verbal and spatial intelligence
what areas are responsible for understanding and generating language?
L hemisphere
Wernicke’s area
Broca’s area
where is Wernicke’s area?
subregion of the L temperoparietal association cortex located at the junction
what is Wernicke’s area responsible for?
retrieving, processing, and comprehending the meaning of words (spoken or written)
where is Broca’s area located?
L inf gyrus of the frontal lobe
what is Broca’s area responsible for?
understanding and providing syntax (arrangement of words and phrases)
instructions for language output
what are the areas for nonverbal communication?
R hemisphere corresponding to Wernicke’s (R temperoparietal junction) and Broca’s area (R inf frontal gyrus)
what is the R inf frontal gyrus (corresponding to Broca’s area) responsible for?
instruction for producing nonverbal communication
what is the R temperoparietal junction (corresponding to Wernicke’s area) responsible for?
interpreting nonverbal communication
what is the L hemisphere responsible for?
understanding and producing language (speech and writing)
impulsive behavior
info processing in a linear sequence (following a conversation or math problem)
what is the R hemisphere responsible for?
understand and producing nonverbal communication
spatial orientation
inhibition of impulsive behavior
info processing in a holistic, pictorial manner (facial recognition)
what area is responsible for directing attention?
R temporoparietal association area
what area is responsible for spatial perception?
R parietal lobe
R post parietal association area
what is involved in spatial perception?
construct of one’s own body to plan movements
body schema for positioning of the body
what are the 3 disorders of language?
1) aphasia
2) alexia
3) agraphia
if there is a language disorder present, where would the lesion be?
L hemisphere
what is aphasia?
dysfxn of spoken language
what is alexia?
dysfxn in comprehension of written language
what is agraphia?
inability to write
what is Wernicke’s aphasia?
receptive/fluent aphasia
impaired language comprehension (production also impaired)
produce sounds/words w/meaningless output
alexia, agraphia, and paraphasia
not aware of deficit
what is paraphasia?
use of unintended words or phrases
what is Broca’s aphasia?
motor and expressive aphasia
impaired spontaneous speech (no issues understanding language)
decreased fluency of spontaneous speech
speech muscles are uneffected
impaired written expression
may be unable to produce any language output
reading comprehension usually spared
slow and effortful reading aloud
awareness of deficit
what is conduction aphasia?
damage to the subcortical connection bw Wernicke and Broca’s area
able to understand written and spoken language
meaningless speech or written communication in more severe cases
paraphasia in mild cases
what is global aphasia?
large lesion of the L cerebrum leads to damage of Broca’s, Wernicke’s, and subcortical areas
severe inability to use language in any form
can’t produce meaningful speech or comprehend language
what happens if there is a R inf gyrus lesion
unable to communicate nonverbally
speak monotone, lack emotional facial expressions, gestures
what happens if there is a R temperoparietal junction lesion?
difficulty understand nonverbal communication
can’t tell the dif bw saying “get out of here” in a joking way vs in an angry way
what is neglect?
behaving as if one side of the body/spatial environment doesn’t exist
what side is typically affecting in neglect?
the L side from a R parietal association area lesion
what is the R parietal association area responsible for?
directing attention and spatial relations
what is personal neglect?
unilateral lack of awareness of sensory stim, personal hygiene, or movement of the limbs (hemiinattention)
what is anosognosia?
type of personal neglect where the person is unaware/denies own illness
severe hemiparesis and personal neglect
what is spatial neglect?
lack of understanding of spatial relationships
hemispatial deficit
issues with navigation, dressing (dressing apraxia), and construction (drawing a clock)
