Communication between cells, Muscle Contraction, RP and AP

Question 1

Actin and Myosin

Answer 1

proteins responsible for muscle contraction

Question 2

Filament

Answer 2

Thin fiber out of proteins

Question 3

myofibril

Answer 3

unit of a muscle fiber made up of sacromeres

Question 4

myoglobin

Answer 4

ion-contraining oxygen binging protein molecule

Question 5

phosphorylation

Answer 5

phosphate group in an organic molecule

Question 6

plateau

Answer 6

AP of heart where membrane potential is constant

Question 7

sarcolemma

Answer 7

membrane of muscle fiber

Question 8

sacromere

Answer 8

membrane between 2 z-lines

Question 9

sarcoplasm

Answer 9

cytoplasm of muscle fiber

Question 10

tetanic contraction

Answer 10

uninterrupted muscular contraction caused by high frequency motor impulse

Question 11

collateral process

Answer 11

branches of an axon terminating in locations other than the major target location

Question 12

dentrite

Answer 12

main receptive area for synaptic input

Question 13

donnan equilibrium

Answer 13

electrochemical equilibrium in a solution separated by a semipermeable membrane

Question 14

Goldmann-Hodkin-Katz equation

Answer 14

description of membrane potential based on diffusible ions na+ k+ cl-

Question 15

hyperpolarisation

Answer 15

a shift of resting potential towards more negative values

Question 16

time constant

Answer 16

time required for an externally induced potential change in the membrane

Question 17

internode

Answer 17

space along a myelinated axon that is covered by a myelinating glial cell

Question 18

bipolar neuron

Answer 18

neuron with two processes fulfilling the same function

Question 19

cAMP

Answer 19

cyclic adenosine momophosphate, signaling molecule

Question 20

colocalization

Answer 20

presence of 2 transmitter molecules and a neuromodulator in the same synaptic vesicle

Question 21

decremental transmission=electrotonic transmission

Answer 21

electrical signal that decreases over space

Question 22

effector protein

Answer 22

protein transmitting the effect of G-protein activation in the cell

Question 23

faciliation

Answer 23

temporal increase of synaptic efficiency due to preceding activation of that synapse

Question 24

G-Protein

Answer 24

GTP-binding protein at inner surface of plasma membrane, critical role in signal transmission

Question 25

long term potention

Answer 25

long increase elf efficacy following strong stimulation in CNS

Question 26

multipolar neuron

Answer 26

nerve cell with many processes

Question 27

posttetanic potention

Answer 27

presynaptic stimulation at a high frequency

Question 28

projection neuron

Answer 28

long axon running to remote targets

Question 29

quantal release

Answer 29

transmitter are released in small packages

Question 30

second messanger

Answer 30

molecule who’s concentration changes when signal arrives at the membrane

Question 31

unipolar neuron

Answer 31

neuron with only one process

Question 32

pseudounipolar neuron

Answer 32

unipolar neuron that branches near the cell body forming 2 neurits