Communicating Effectively in a Multi-cultural World Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between connection and conversation is about _____

A

depth and quality

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2
Q

Why is conversation so important?

A

the deeper conversation and social relationships improve longevity, strengthen the immune system, lower anxiety and depression, and improve self-esteem, empathy, trust, and cooperation.

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3
Q

_____ by nature is a method of exploring new ideas and outlooks which are fodder for creativity and innovation in all aspects of our lives.

A

Conversation

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4
Q

How are we connecting?

A

We need to exchange information not just about things we’ve read or seen, but share our own experiences, thoughts, and feelings.

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5
Q

typical signs of shallow connection vs deeper conversation in the work world include:

A

• texting, emailing, or reading posts or emails during work meetings.
• using headphones (constantly)
• sending an email or text for a sensitive topic.
• avoids confrontation by sending
an email or text.

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6
Q

How can I use conversation right?

A

• Assess your professional and personal lives
• Keep meetings focused
• Allow for small talk and personality
• Be present

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7
Q

Take time to think if a personal call, conversation, or (gasp) meaningful letter may be more impactful or meaningful than an email, text, or tweet.

A

Assess your professional and personal lives

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8
Q

When you ask for other’s time, respect it and keep meeting content tight and relevant.

A

Keep meetings focused

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9
Q

Don’t forget to start your conversation with a “hello” and “how are you?” Sometimes in the quest to get something done we forget basic manners.

A

Allow for small talk and personality

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10
Q

Work while you’re at work. Focus on family while you’re with family. Be present with the person you’re talking with, not also texting with someone else on your phone.

A

Be present

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11
Q

_____ often boils down to cultural values as well and starts with leadership

A

connection vs conversation

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12
Q

A real _____ takes time and often the best bits of information come after some discussion, some willingness to hear the other person or relate to them. Then and only then do we glean some new gem that allows us to figure out a puzzle.

A

conversation

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13
Q

A is a set of words and all of the systems about usage of those words that a group of people uses to communicate with each other.

A

language

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14
Q

• it is more general
• includes the written form of communication
• ages are often considered more clearly defined and formal and are generally adopted as official languages of countries
• broader
• more formal and clearly defined

A

Language

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15
Q

A _____ is a specific variety of a language spoken or signed by a group of people that may have different vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation from the main form of the language.

A

dialect

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16
Q

• used to refer specifically to a particular variant of one language.
• spoken variety of a language.
• subsets of a certain language associated with specific regions or areas of a country.
• smaller and more specific, and often regional
• can be looser and more fluid in use.

17
Q

Several factors influence dialects within a language, including:

A

• Geography
• Socioeconomic groups
• Patterns of migration

18
Q

Where you live in a country or region can affect how you pronounce words as well as the words and phrases you use.

19
Q

People from the same city or area can speak different dialects based on their environment.

A

Socioeconomic groups

20
Q

Some dialects are the result of the migration of people from one country to another and the influence of their native language on how they adapt and speak the language of their new country or region.

A

Patterns of migration

21
Q

Nature vs. Nurture

_____ is a more natural, intuitive process. Think of it as learning by immersion, where the individual is surrounded by the language and gradually begins to understand and use it

A

Acquisition

22
Q

Nature vs. Nurture

_____, however, is nurtured through explicit instruction and structured lessons.

A

Language learning

23
Q

Conscious vs. Subconscious

_____ requires a conscious effort, such as memorizing vocabulary or understanding grammar rules.

24
Q

Conscious vs. Subconscious

_____ is more about picking up patterns and nuances subconsciously, without even realizing one is learning.

A

acquisition

25
Formal vs. Informal Setting _____ often takes place in formal settings like schools or language institutes
learning
26
Formal vs. Informal Setting _____ happens in everyday life through interactions, listening to music, watching shows, or simply being in an environment where the language is spoken.
acquisition
27
Error Perspective In _____, errors are often corrected to align with the proper rules and structure of the language.
structured learning
28
Error Perspective In _____, mistakes are seen as a natural part of the process, and through trial and error, the language is refined.
acquisition
29
_____ refers to the differences in the English language that emerge as it is used in various contexts across the world.
World Englishes
30
_____ develop to fulfill the needs of the societies that use them. Because societies contain a diverse range of social needs, and because these needs can differ across cultures and geographies, multiple varieties of the English language exist
Languages
31
While there is no single way for a new variety of English to emerge, its development can generally be described as a process of _____.
adaptation
32
Such variations (of English) do not occur in terms of word choice only. They happen also in terms of _____
• spelling • pronunciation • sentence structure • accent • meaning
33
Three concentric circles model (Kachru)
• inner circle • outer/middle circle • expanding circle
34
The _____ refers to the countries where English is used as the primary language
inner circle
35
The _____ denotes those countries where English usage has some colonial history
outer/middle circle
36
The _____ includes countries where English is spoken but where it does not necessarily have a colonial history or primary/official language status
expanding circle
37
What are the countries that belong to the inner circle
• USA • Britain • Canada • New Zealand • Australia
38
What are the countries that belong to the outer/middle circle
• India • Bangladesh • Ghana • Kenya • Malaysia • Nigeria • Pakistan • Philippines • Singapore • Sri Lanka • Tanzania • Zambia
39
What are the countries that belong to expanding circle
• China • Japan • Korea • Taiwan • USSR • Egypt • Indonesia