Communicable Diseases (Peds 4th Semester ABAC) Flashcards
Incubation Period
Interval between infection or exposure and development of symptoms.
Prodromal
Interval between early manifestations and when the actual disease is evident
Communicability
Time during which an infectious agent may be transferred directly or indirectly from an infected person.
What is the number one way to prevent the spread of diseases?
Hand-washing!
Chicken Pox
Begins as macules that progress to papules, vesicles, and then crusts. Virus stays within the body for life and can reappear as Shingles (elderly) LOW grade fever, malaise, anorexia, EXTREMELY PRURITIC SKIN eruptions (macules, papules, vesicles, crusts) Caused by Varicella Zoster Virus Transmission: Contact and Airborne (N-95 Mask)
What diseases need AIRBORNE precautions?
Chicken Pox, Tuberculosis, Measles
Chicken Pox Communicability?
One (1) day prior to eruption of vesicles to Six (6) days after the first vesicles have crusted.
Eruptions continue to develop for 2-3 days. Begin on TRUNK spreading to face and extremities. Lesions may breakout on mucous membranes. Temp rises, and lymphadenopathy may develop.
Chicken Pox
How do you control itching for Chicken Pox?
Oral antihistamines (Claritin, Zyrtec) Lotions: calamine (Cetaphil) or any lotion with praxomine
Measles
Highly contagious virus appearing as flat, fine erythematous rash (maculopapular) that starts on the face and spreads downward. NEEDS VIT A SUPPLEMENTATION
Clinical Manifestations Measles
HIGH grade fever, malise, anorexia. COUGH CONJUNCTIVITIS CORYZA (24hrs later) KOPLIK SPOTS (Irregular red spots with bluish white center) PHOTOPHOBIA
After 3-4 days this type of rash/disease becomes brown and desquamation occurs.
Measles
What are the recommendations for Vit A when child has measles?
>1 yr 200,000 Int. Units
Measles Communicability?
4 days before the rash and 5 days after the rash
Mumps Communicability?
Immediately BEFORE and AFTER swelling begins